CVE-2025-9399 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability affecting YiFang CMS versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.5. The vulnerability resides in the file app/logic/L_tool.php, specifically in the handling of the 'new_url' parameter. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code into the backend database queries. This injection flaw allows unauthorized actors to interfere with the queries executed by the CMS, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even deletion. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and can be exploited remotely with low attack complexity, although it requires some level of privileges (PR:L) to execute. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates no user interaction is needed, no privileges are required (PR:L indicates low privileges), and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is low to limited. The vendor has not responded to the disclosure, and no official patches or mitigations have been released. While no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the exploit code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation by opportunistic attackers. Given the nature of SQL Injection, successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, data tampering, or disruption of CMS functionality, which could compromise the integrity and availability of affected websites.

For European organizations using YiFang CMS versions up to 2.0.5, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk of data breaches and service disruption. Organizations operating websites or services on this CMS could face unauthorized access to sensitive data stored in their databases, including customer information, internal content, or configuration data. This could lead to reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), and potential financial losses. The ability to remotely exploit this vulnerability without user interaction increases the threat level, especially for publicly accessible web servers. Additionally, data integrity could be compromised, allowing attackers to alter website content or inject malicious payloads, potentially leading to further attacks such as phishing or malware distribution. The lack of vendor response and absence of patches means organizations must proactively implement mitigations to reduce exposure. The medium severity rating suggests the impact is significant but not catastrophic, yet the public availability of exploit code could accelerate exploitation attempts.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should take immediate steps to mitigate the risk: 1) Implement Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'new_url' parameter in requests to app/logic/L_tool.php. 2) Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially 'new_url', to prevent malicious SQL code execution. 3) Restrict database user privileges associated with the CMS to the minimum necessary, avoiding elevated permissions that could exacerbate damage if exploited. 4) Monitor web server and application logs for unusual or suspicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 5) Consider temporarily disabling or restricting access to the vulnerable functionality if feasible until a patch or update is available. 6) Plan for an upgrade or migration to a patched or alternative CMS solution once available. 7) Educate security and development teams about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include detection and remediation steps for SQL injection attacks.