CVE-2025-9399 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability affecting YiFang CMS versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.5. The vulnerability resides in the file app/logic/L_tool.php, specifically involving the manipulation of the 'new_url' argument. An attacker can exploit this flaw remotely without requiring user interaction or elevated privileges, by sending specially crafted input to the vulnerable parameter. This input is not properly sanitized or parameterized, allowing the attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands into the backend database queries. The consequence of successful exploitation includes unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the CMS data. The vendor has been contacted but has not responded or provided a patch, and although the exploit is publicly available, there are no confirmed reports of active exploitation in the wild. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, reflecting a medium risk due to the lack of required privileges and user interaction, but limited impact on system control or widespread availability of affected systems. The vulnerability does not involve scope change or security controls bypass, but it does allow partial compromise of data confidentiality and integrity.

For European organizations using YiFang CMS versions up to 2.0.5, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk of data breach or unauthorized data manipulation. Organizations that host sensitive or regulated data on affected CMS instances could face compliance violations under GDPR if personal data is exposed. The ability to remotely exploit the vulnerability without authentication increases the attack surface, especially for publicly accessible web portals. Attackers could leverage this flaw to extract sensitive business information, deface websites, or implant further malware, potentially disrupting business operations and damaging reputation. Given the lack of vendor response and patch availability, organizations may remain exposed for an extended period, increasing risk. The medium severity suggests that while the vulnerability is serious, it may not lead to full system compromise or widespread disruption without additional attack vectors. However, targeted attacks against European entities with valuable data or critical web presence remain a concern.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'new_url' parameter, tailored to the specific request signatures of YiFang CMS. 2. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially the 'new_url' argument, using parameterized queries or prepared statements if source code access is available. 3. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of any injection attack. 4. Monitor web server and database logs for suspicious query patterns or anomalies indicative of injection attempts. 5. If feasible, isolate affected CMS instances behind VPN or internal networks to reduce exposure. 6. Engage with the vendor or community to obtain or develop patches or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version once available. 7. Perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on injection vulnerabilities. 8. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices to prevent similar issues in future deployments.