VulnerabilityPublished 31 Aug 2025Updated 13 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-9721: Portabilis i-Educar · Cross-site Scripting

Affects Portabilis i-EducarSource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 5.1 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 15% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 31 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Portabilis i-Educar	Affected 2.0 – 2.10 11 affected builds	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Apply official patches or updates from Portabilis as soon as they become available to address the vulnerability directly.
Implement strict input validation and output encoding on the affected parameters ('nome' and 'formulaMedia') to prevent injection of malicious scripts.
Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts within the application.
Conduct security awareness training for users to recognize and avoid clicking suspicious links or interacting with untrusted content.
Monitor web application logs for unusual requests targeting the /module/FormulaMedia/edit endpoint and anomalous parameter values.
Use web application firewalls (WAF) with custom rules to detect and block XSS attack patterns targeting this vulnerability.
Regularly audit and test the application for XSS and other injection flaws to proactively identify and remediate weaknesses.
Limit user privileges within the application to minimize the impact of potential session hijacking or unauthorized actions.

Description

A flaw has been found in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /module/FormulaMedia/edit. This manipulation of the argument nome/formulaMedia causes cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using Portabilis i-Educar, this vulnerability poses risks to the confidentiality and integrity of user data, including student records and administrative information. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to hijack user sessions, steal credentials, or perform unauthorized actions within the application. This could lead to data breaches, reputational damage, and potential regulatory penalties under GDPR due to exposure of personal data. Additionally, attackers could use the vulnerability to deliver further malware or phishing attacks targeting staff and students. The medium severity indicates moderate risk, but the presence of publicly available exploits increases urgency. Disruption of educational services could also impact operational continuity. Organizations relying on i-Educar should assess their exposure and implement mitigations promptly to avoid exploitation.

Summary

CVE-2025-9721 is a cross-site scripting vulnerability identified in Portabilis i-Educar, an open-source educational management system widely used in some regions. The vulnerability resides in an unspecified function within the /module/FormulaMedia/edit file, where the parameters 'nome' or 'formulaMedia' are improperly sanitized. This allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code that executes in the context of the victim's browser when they interact with crafted input or URLs. The vulnerability can be triggered remotely without authentication, but requires user interaction, such as clicking a malicious link or visiting a compromised page. The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.1 reflects a medium severity, considering the ease of exploitation (network attack vector, low attack complexity), no privileges required, but user interaction needed. The impact primarily affects confidentiality and integrity by enabling theft of session cookies, defacement, or redirection to malicious sites. No known active exploitation has been reported, but proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability affects all versions up to 2.10, necessitating patching or mitigation. Given i-Educar's role in managing sensitive educational data, exploitation could disrupt operations or lead to data breaches.

References

Community reviews

Loading reviews…

Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 13 Oct 2025, 20:44 UTC

Technical details

References

Community reviews

Related threats