VulnerabilityPublished 31 Aug 2025Updated 2 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-9737: O2OA · Cross-site Scripting

Affects O2OASource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 5.1 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.1Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 26% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 31 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
O2OA	Affected =10.0-410	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

European organizations should prioritize upgrading O2OA to the vendor's forthcoming patched version once released. Until then, implement strict input validation and output encoding on the affected parameters (description, applicationName, queryName) to neutralize malicious scripts. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Conduct user awareness training to recognize and avoid phishing attempts that could exploit this vulnerability. Monitor web server logs and application behavior for unusual requests targeting the /x_query_assemble_designer/jaxrs/importmodel endpoint. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block XSS payloads targeting these parameters. Limit user privileges where possible to reduce the impact of compromised accounts. Finally, maintain an incident response plan to quickly address any exploitation attempts.

Description

A vulnerability was detected in O2OA up to 10.0-410. Affected is an unknown function of the file /x_query_assemble_designer/jaxrs/importmodel of the component Personal Profile Page. Performing manipulation of the argument description/applicationName/queryName results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor replied in the GitHub issue (translated from simplified Chinese): "This issue will be fixed in the new version."

Impact

For European organizations using O2OA, this XSS vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized script execution in users' browsers, potentially resulting in session hijacking, theft of sensitive information, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user. Given that O2OA is an enterprise collaboration and office automation platform, compromised user sessions could expose internal communications, documents, or personal data, impacting confidentiality and integrity. The medium severity rating reflects limited direct impact on system availability but significant risk to user trust and data security. Organizations in sectors with strict data protection regulations, such as finance, healthcare, and government, could face compliance issues and reputational damage if exploited. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially targeting users with low security awareness. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to trigger the vulnerability. Overall, the threat could disrupt normal business operations and lead to data breaches if not mitigated promptly.

Summary

CVE-2025-9737 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the O2OA platform, specifically affecting versions up to 10.0-410. The vulnerability resides in an unspecified function within the /x_query_assemble_designer/jaxrs/importmodel endpoint, part of the Personal Profile Page component. The flaw arises from improper sanitization or validation of user-supplied input parameters, namely description, applicationName, and queryName. An attacker can manipulate these parameters to inject malicious scripts, which are then executed in the context of the victim's browser. This type of vulnerability enables remote exploitation without requiring authentication, relying only on user interaction (e.g., visiting a crafted URL). The vendor has acknowledged the issue and indicated that a fix will be included in a forthcoming version. The CVSS v4.0 base score is 5.1, categorizing it as a medium severity vulnerability. The vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L - low privileges), with user interaction needed (UI:P), and limited impact on integrity (VI:L) but no impact on confidentiality or availability. The exploit code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no confirmed active exploitation in the wild has been reported yet. The vulnerability's presence in a personal profile page component suggests potential for session hijacking, credential theft, or further attacks such as phishing or malware delivery if exploited successfully.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 8 Sep 2025, 00:38 UTC

Technical details

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