CVE-2025-9739 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the Campcodes Online Water Billing System, specifically within the /process.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Username' parameter, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database without requiring any user interaction or privileges. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no known exploits have been reported in the wild yet. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability could allow attackers to extract sensitive data, modify or delete records, or potentially escalate further attacks depending on the database permissions and system architecture. Since the affected product is an online water billing system, the backend database likely contains customer personal data, billing information, and operational data, making the impact significant if exploited.

For European organizations using the Campcodes Online Water Billing System 1.0, exploitation of this SQL Injection vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of customer data, including personally identifiable information (PII) and billing details. This could result in privacy violations under GDPR, leading to regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Additionally, attackers could manipulate billing records, causing financial discrepancies and undermining trust in utility services. Operational disruption could occur if database integrity is compromised, potentially affecting billing accuracy and service delivery. Given the critical nature of water utilities as essential services, any disruption or data breach could have cascading effects on public trust and regulatory compliance. Furthermore, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the urgency for European organizations to address this risk promptly to prevent exploitation by cybercriminals or state-sponsored actors targeting critical infrastructure.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions involving user-supplied data, especially the 'Username' parameter in /process.php. If a patch from Campcodes becomes available, it should be applied without delay. In the absence of an official patch, organizations should consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. Regular security assessments and code reviews should be conducted to identify and remediate similar injection flaws. Additionally, database permissions should be minimized to restrict the application's ability to perform destructive operations. Monitoring and logging of database queries and application logs should be enhanced to detect suspicious activities. Finally, organizations should ensure compliance with GDPR by safeguarding customer data and preparing incident response plans in case of a breach.