CVE-2025-9741 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the code-projects Human Resource Integrated System, specifically within the /login_query12.php file. The vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection can be performed remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction, making exploitation relatively straightforward. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges or user interaction needed, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the Human Resource Integrated System database. Given that this system likely manages sensitive employee data, including personal and organizational information, the impact could be significant if exploited.

For European organizations using the code-projects Human Resource Integrated System version 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive HR data, including personal employee information, payroll data, and other confidential records. Exploitation could lead to data breaches, violating GDPR requirements and resulting in legal and financial penalties. Additionally, manipulation of HR data could disrupt internal operations, affect payroll processing, and damage organizational reputation. Since the vulnerability allows remote exploitation without authentication, attackers could leverage it as an entry point for further lateral movement within corporate networks. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate risk, but the sensitivity of HR data and regulatory environment in Europe amplify the potential consequences. Organizations in sectors with strict compliance requirements (e.g., finance, healthcare, government) are particularly vulnerable to the reputational and operational impacts of such a breach.

1. Immediate patching or upgrading to a fixed version of the Human Resource Integrated System is the most effective mitigation; if no patch is available, consider disabling or restricting access to the vulnerable /login_query12.php endpoint. 2. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'ID' parameter. 3. Conduct thorough input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent SQL injection. 4. Restrict network access to the HR system to trusted IP ranges and enforce strong network segmentation to limit exposure. 5. Monitor logs for unusual query patterns or repeated failed login attempts that could indicate exploitation attempts. 6. Perform regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on injection vulnerabilities. 7. Educate development and IT teams on secure coding practices and the importance of timely patch management. 8. If possible, implement multi-factor authentication and additional access controls around the HR system to reduce risk from compromised credentials or exploitation.