CVE-2025-9756 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul User Management System. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/change-emailid.php file, specifically through the manipulation of the 'uid' parameter. This parameter is not properly sanitized or validated before being used in SQL queries, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction or authentication, which increases its risk profile. However, the CVSS score of 5.3 reflects that some privileges are required (PR:L), and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The exploit has been publicly disclosed, but there are no known active exploits in the wild at this time. The vulnerability could allow an attacker to read or modify sensitive user data, potentially altering user email addresses or accessing other user information stored in the database. Given that the affected component is part of a user management system, successful exploitation could undermine user account integrity and lead to further attacks such as privilege escalation or account takeover if combined with other vulnerabilities or weak controls.

For European organizations using PHPGurukul User Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk to the confidentiality and integrity of user data. Attackers exploiting this flaw could manipulate user email addresses or extract sensitive information, potentially leading to unauthorized access or identity fraud. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling personal data under GDPR regulations, as data breaches could result in legal penalties and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the threat surface, especially for organizations with externally accessible administrative interfaces. However, the requirement for some level of privilege (PR:L) suggests that attackers may need limited access to the system before exploiting the vulnerability, somewhat reducing the risk of mass exploitation. Still, organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, where user management systems are critical, could face operational disruptions and compliance issues if exploited.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately upgrade to a patched version of PHPGurukul User Management System once available. In the absence of an official patch, organizations should implement strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the /admin/change-emailid.php script to prevent SQL injection. Restrict access to the administrative interface by IP whitelisting or VPN-only access to reduce exposure. Implement web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'uid' parameter. Conduct thorough code reviews and penetration testing focused on input handling in user management modules. Additionally, monitor logs for suspicious activities related to email changes or database queries. Regularly audit user privileges to ensure minimal necessary access, reducing the risk posed by compromised accounts. Finally, ensure backups are current and tested to enable recovery in case of data integrity issues.