CVE-2026-1061 identifies an unrestricted file upload vulnerability in the xiweicheng TMS product, specifically affecting all versions up to 2.28.0. The flaw resides in the Upload function within the FileController.java source file, where the filename argument is improperly validated, allowing attackers to upload arbitrary files remotely without authentication or user interaction. This lack of restrictions can enable attackers to place malicious files on the server, potentially leading to code execution, data manipulation, or denial of service depending on the server configuration and file handling. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network with low attack complexity and no privileges required, increasing the risk of exploitation. However, the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as low to partial, as the exploitability depends on the server environment and subsequent attacker actions. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P) reflects network attack vector, low complexity, no user interaction, and partial impacts across security properties. Although no public exploits are currently known in the wild, the availability of a public exploit increases the urgency for remediation. The vulnerability affects a wide range of versions, indicating that many deployments could be vulnerable if not updated. The lack of official patches or mitigation links in the provided data suggests organizations must implement compensating controls promptly.

For European organizations using xiweicheng TMS, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to upload malicious files, potentially leading to unauthorized code execution, data breaches, or service disruption. This could compromise sensitive business data, disrupt operational continuity, and damage organizational reputation. Sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, or any industry relying on TMS for supply chain management are particularly vulnerable. The medium CVSS score reflects that while exploitation is straightforward, the overall impact depends on the server environment and additional security controls in place. Given the remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack, organizations with internet-facing TMS instances are at higher risk. The absence of known exploits in the wild reduces immediate threat but does not eliminate future risk, especially with public exploit availability. European data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) may impose additional compliance risks if data confidentiality or integrity is compromised.

1. Immediately restrict file upload permissions to authenticated and authorized users only, if not already enforced. 2. Implement strict server-side validation and sanitization of the filename parameter to prevent malicious file types or path traversal. 3. Employ allowlists for acceptable file extensions and reject all others. 4. Configure the web server and application to store uploaded files outside the web root or in isolated directories with no execution permissions. 5. Monitor logs for unusual upload activity or attempts to upload suspicious files. 6. Apply network-level protections such as web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block exploit attempts targeting the upload endpoint. 7. If vendor patches become available, prioritize timely application of updates. 8. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on file upload functionalities. 9. Educate system administrators on the risks associated with unrestricted uploads and best practices for secure configuration. 10. Consider implementing runtime application self-protection (RASP) solutions to detect and block exploitation attempts in real time.