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CVE-2026-12051: memory-safety in zephyrproject zephyr

0
Medium
VulnerabilityCVE-2026-12051cvecve-2026-12051
Published: 08/11/2026 (08/11/2026, 05:31:19 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: zephyrproject
Product: zephyr

Description

The USB DFU class implementation in Zephyr's new (experimental) device_next USB device stack contains a NULL pointer dereference in handle_download() (subsys/usb/device_next/class/usbd_dfu.c). The handler computes MIN(setup->wLength, buf->len) and passes buf->data to the image write callback without checking that the buf net_buf pointer is non-NULL. The handler is reached over the USB control endpoint, driven by the USB host. For a DFU_DNLOAD (download) request with no Data OUT stage — notably the zero-length terminating download that the DFU protocol uses to end a firmware transfer — the USB core invokes the class handler with a NULL buffer. After the device has been advanced to the DFU_DNLOAD_IDLE state (by sending one valid download block and a GET_STATUS), a zero-length DFU_DNLOAD reaches handle_download() with buf == NULL, dereferencing it. The result is a NULL+offset read that triggers a fatal CPU fault, i.e. a denial of service (device crash/reset). The attacker is whatever controls the USB host the device is attached to; DFU download support must be enabled with a registered image. There is no memory corruption or information disclosure — impact is limited to availability. The fix adds an explicit if (buf != NULL) guard so the callback receives a zero-length, NULL-data transfer instead of crashing.

CVSS v3.1

Score 4.6medium

Attack Vector
Physical
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected software

GitHub Actionsmore threats →cve
zephyr
pkg:github/zephyr
Affected versions
>=4.4.0 <4.5.0

Run on your own infrastructure? Check whether these packages are installed with threat-finder — our free open-source scanner.

Technical Details

Data Version
5.2
Assigner Short Name
zephyr
Date Reserved
2026-06-11T22:20:54.897Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED
Remediation Level
null

Threat ID: 6a7ab61bbf8831d5393186fd

Added to database: 08/11/2026, 05:41:47 UTC

Last updated: 08/11/2026, 05:41:47 UTC

Views: 1

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