CVE-2026-2195 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in version 1.0 of the code-projects Online Reviewer System, specifically in the file /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/questions-view.php. The vulnerability arises due to insufficient input validation or sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially manipulating the backend database. The attack vector requires no user interaction and no privileges, making it remotely exploitable over the network. The vulnerability can lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 (medium severity) reflects the vulnerability's characteristics: network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The absence of patches or vendor advisories necessitates immediate attention from users of this software. The Online Reviewer System is typically used in educational or certification environments, making the data stored potentially sensitive. Attackers could leverage this vulnerability to extract exam questions, alter assessment results, or disrupt service availability. The vulnerability's presence in a web-accessible admin module increases exposure. Detection can be challenging without monitoring for unusual SQL query patterns or anomalous application behavior.

For European organizations, particularly those in education, certification, or training sectors using code-projects Online Reviewer System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive assessment data, manipulation of exam content or results, and potential disruption of online review services. This could undermine the integrity of certification processes and damage organizational reputation. Confidentiality breaches may expose personally identifiable information (PII) of candidates or proprietary assessment materials. Integrity compromises could invalidate assessment outcomes, leading to legal and compliance issues under GDPR and other data protection regulations. Availability impacts could disrupt critical educational operations, especially if attackers execute destructive SQL commands. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of attacks, especially in environments with internet-facing admin interfaces. The medium severity rating suggests moderate but non-trivial impact, warranting prompt mitigation to avoid escalation or chained attacks. Organizations lacking robust network segmentation or monitoring may be more vulnerable. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate it, as public disclosure often precedes active exploitation.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on applying any available vendor patches or updates for the Online Reviewer System; if none exist, implement manual code review and remediation to sanitize the 'ID' parameter using parameterized queries or prepared statements. 2. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 3. Restrict access to the /system/system/admins/assessments/pretest/questions-view.php path by IP whitelisting or VPN-only access to reduce exposure. 4. Conduct thorough input validation on all user-supplied parameters, enforcing strict type and format checks. 5. Monitor database logs and application logs for unusual query patterns or errors indicative of injection attempts. 6. Implement network segmentation to isolate the Online Reviewer System from critical infrastructure and sensitive data repositories. 7. Educate administrators on the risks and signs of SQL injection attacks to enhance incident detection. 8. Prepare incident response plans specific to database compromise scenarios. 9. Consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) tools to detect and block injection attacks in real time. 10. Regularly audit and update all third-party components to minimize exposure to known vulnerabilities.