CVE-2026-2274 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and Arbitrary File Read vulnerability classified under CWE-918, affecting the AppSheet Web (Main Server) component of Google AppSheet prior to the patch released on 2025-11-23. The vulnerability allows an authenticated remote attacker to send specially crafted requests to the production cluster, enabling unauthorized reading of sensitive local files and access to internal network resources that are otherwise inaccessible externally. SSRF vulnerabilities exploit the server's ability to make HTTP requests on behalf of the attacker, potentially bypassing network segmentation and firewall rules. In this case, the attacker does not require user interaction but must have valid authentication credentials, which could be obtained through credential compromise or insider threat. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality by exposing sensitive files and internal services, and integrity by potentially allowing further internal network exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required beyond authentication, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality and scope. Although no known exploits are reported in the wild, the vulnerability's nature and high CVSS score make it a critical concern for organizations relying on AppSheet for business-critical applications. The vulnerability has been patched by Google, and customers are advised to update to the fixed version to mitigate the risk.

The vulnerability allows attackers to bypass network boundaries and access sensitive internal files and resources, potentially leading to data breaches, exposure of credentials, internal network reconnaissance, and lateral movement within the affected environment. Organizations using AppSheet for internal applications or integrating it with sensitive backend systems could face significant confidentiality and integrity risks. The ability to read arbitrary files may expose configuration files, secrets, or other sensitive data that could facilitate further attacks. The internal network access could allow attackers to pivot to other critical infrastructure components, increasing the attack surface. Given AppSheet's integration with Google Cloud and its use in enterprise environments, the impact could extend to cloud-hosted resources and services. Although exploitation requires authentication, the risk remains high if credentials are compromised or if insider threats exist. The lack of user interaction requirement simplifies exploitation once authentication is achieved. The vulnerability's high CVSS score reflects its potential to cause widespread damage if left unpatched.

Organizations should immediately verify that all AppSheet Web (Main Server) instances are updated to the patched version released after 2025-11-23. Implement strict access controls and monitor authentication logs to detect suspicious login attempts or credential misuse. Employ network segmentation and firewall rules to limit the AppSheet server's ability to access sensitive internal resources unnecessarily. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability scans on AppSheet deployments and associated infrastructure. Monitor for anomalous outbound requests from the AppSheet server that could indicate SSRF exploitation attempts. Educate administrators and developers about SSRF risks and secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities. If possible, apply runtime application self-protection (RASP) or web application firewalls (WAF) with SSRF detection capabilities to provide an additional layer of defense. Maintain an incident response plan to quickly address any suspected exploitation.