CVE-2026-23980 is an SQL Injection vulnerability classified under CWE-89 affecting Apache Superset, an open-source data visualization and business intelligence platform maintained by the Apache Software Foundation. The flaw exists in the handling of the sqlExpression and where parameters, which are used to build SQL queries. Improper neutralization of special elements in these parameters allows an authenticated user with read access to inject malicious SQL commands. This injection is error-based, meaning attackers can infer database structure and data by analyzing error messages returned by the system. The vulnerability affects all versions of Apache Superset before 6.0.0. Exploitation requires no user interaction and no privileges beyond read access, making it relatively easy to exploit within environments where users have such access. The vulnerability could allow attackers to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or escalate their privileges indirectly. The Apache Software Foundation has addressed this issue in version 6.0.0 by properly sanitizing inputs and neutralizing special SQL elements. No public exploits or widespread attacks have been reported yet, but the presence of this vulnerability in a widely used analytics platform poses a significant risk if left unpatched.

The impact of CVE-2026-23980 is significant for organizations using Apache Superset, especially those exposing the platform to multiple users with read access. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data, including business intelligence and analytics data, which may contain proprietary or personal information. Attackers could also manipulate database queries to alter data integrity or gain further access within the system. Since Apache Superset is often integrated with critical business data sources, this vulnerability could compromise decision-making processes and regulatory compliance. The ease of exploitation without elevated privileges increases the risk of insider threats or compromised user accounts being leveraged for attacks. Organizations relying heavily on Superset for data visualization and reporting may face operational disruptions and reputational damage if this vulnerability is exploited.

To mitigate CVE-2026-23980, organizations should immediately upgrade Apache Superset to version 6.0.0 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. Additionally, restrict read access to trusted users only and implement strict access controls and monitoring for anomalous query patterns. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the sqlExpression and where parameters. Regularly audit user permissions and review logs for suspicious activity related to SQL query manipulation. Consider implementing database-level protections such as query parameterization and least privilege principles for database accounts used by Superset. Finally, maintain an up-to-date inventory of Superset instances and ensure timely application of security patches to reduce exposure.