VulnerabilityPublished 4 Feb 2026Updated 5 Feb 2026

CVE-2026-25499: bpg terraform-provider-proxmox · Insecure Default Initialization of Resource

Affects bpg terraform-provider-proxmoxSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 8.7 High : upgrade to 0.93.1 soon.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 09:16 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

8.7High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 41% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 0.93.1

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: High
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the vulnerable system. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 4 Feb 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade terraform-provider-proxmox and bpg/terraform-provider-proxmox to 0.93.1.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
bpgterraform-provider-proxmox	Affected <0.93.1	Fixed in 0.93.1
GitHubbpg/terraform-provider-proxmox`pkg:github/bpg/terraform-provider-proxmox`Other threats	Affected <0.93.1	Fixed in 0.93.1

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

European organizations should immediately upgrade terraform-provider-proxmox to version 0.93.1 or later to apply the patch that fixes the insecure sudoer configuration. Review and audit all SSH sudoer configurations related to Proxmox automation to ensure they do not permit directory traversal or other insecure behaviors. Implement strict access controls on systems running Terraform and Proxmox, limiting who can modify infrastructure as code and execute automation scripts. Employ file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to critical system files. Use network segmentation to isolate management interfaces of Proxmox environments from general network access. Regularly review Terraform provider documentation and configurations for security best practices. Additionally, consider deploying runtime security tools that can detect anomalous file access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Finally, maintain an incident response plan tailored to infrastructure automation compromise scenarios.

Description

CVE-2026-25499 is a high-severity vulnerability in the terraform-provider-proxmox prior to version 0.93.1, involving insecure default initialization of resources. The issue arises from an insecure sudoer line suggested in the SSH configuration documentation, which allows directory traversal via '.. /' sequences. This flaw enables attackers to edit arbitrary files on the system without authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7, indicating a network-exploitable, high-impact issue affecting integrity. It has been patched in version 0.

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a serious risk to the integrity of virtualized infrastructure managed via Terraform and Proxmox. Exploitation could allow attackers to modify critical system files, potentially leading to unauthorized configuration changes, deployment of malicious code, or disruption of services. Given the widespread use of Proxmox in European data centers and enterprises for virtualization and container management, the impact could extend to cloud service providers, financial institutions, healthcare providers, and government agencies. The ability to exploit this vulnerability remotely without authentication increases the threat level, potentially enabling attackers to compromise multiple systems in automated environments. This could lead to data breaches, service outages, and loss of trust. The lack of known exploits in the wild suggests a window for proactive mitigation, but the high CVSS score and ease of exploitation necessitate urgent action.

CWE-1188Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product initializes or sets a resource with a default that is intended to be changed by the product's installer, administrator, or maintainer, but the default is not secure.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Forgot Password (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V2.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V2.6.2 (opens in a new tab)
V2.7.6 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).
CWE-22Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #6OWASP Top 10 A01:2025: Broken Access Control (opens in a new tab)
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks…
Implementation · Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174).
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Authorization (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V12.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Path Traversal (opens in a new tab)
Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic (opens in a new tab)
Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls (opens in a new tab)
Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding (opens in a new tab)
Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 12 Feb 2026, 07:27 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-1188, CWE-22

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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