The threat described involves the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the execution of scams. Generative AI refers to advanced machine learning models capable of producing human-like text, audio, images, or video content. In the context of scams, threat actors leverage generative AI to create highly convincing phishing emails, fraudulent messages, deepfake audio or video calls, and other social engineering tactics that can deceive victims more effectively than traditional methods. These AI-generated scams can mimic trusted entities, fabricate realistic scenarios, and automate large-scale targeting with personalized content, increasing the likelihood of successful exploitation. Although no specific vulnerabilities or exploits are detailed, the core risk lies in the enhanced sophistication and scalability of social engineering attacks powered by generative AI. This evolution challenges existing detection and prevention mechanisms, as AI-generated content can bypass conventional filters and human scrutiny due to its quality and contextual relevance.

For European organizations, the use of generative AI in scams poses significant risks across multiple sectors. Financial institutions, healthcare providers, government agencies, and critical infrastructure operators are particularly vulnerable to AI-enhanced phishing and impersonation attacks that could lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, financial fraud, and disruption of services. The increased realism of AI-generated content can undermine user trust and complicate incident response efforts. Additionally, the potential for AI-driven scams to target employees with tailored messages increases the risk of credential compromise and insider threats. Given Europe's stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR, successful scams resulting in data breaches could also lead to substantial regulatory penalties and reputational damage. The scalability of these attacks means that even smaller organizations with limited cybersecurity resources may be targeted, amplifying the overall threat landscape within Europe.

To mitigate the risks posed by generative AI-enabled scams, European organizations should implement multi-layered defenses that go beyond traditional email filtering and user awareness training. Specific recommendations include: 1) Deploy advanced AI-based detection tools that analyze communication patterns and content authenticity to identify AI-generated messages; 2) Implement strict multi-factor authentication (MFA) across all critical systems to reduce the impact of credential compromise; 3) Conduct regular, scenario-based phishing simulations incorporating AI-generated content to enhance employee resilience; 4) Establish robust verification protocols for sensitive transactions, including out-of-band confirmation methods; 5) Monitor for anomalous user behavior and network activity indicative of successful social engineering exploitation; 6) Collaborate with threat intelligence sharing platforms to stay informed about emerging AI scam tactics; 7) Promote organizational policies that limit the sharing of sensitive information on social media and public forums, reducing the data available for AI-driven personalization of scams.