Threats affecting pkg:maven/org.wso2.identity/wso2-identity-server

The WSO2 Identity Server fails to enforce a default expiry time for SMS One-Time Passwords (OTPs) used in multi-factor authentication (MFA). This allows unused OTPs to remain valid indefinitely, presenting an opportunity for malicious actors to conduct brute force attacks by repeatedly guessing the OTP. The absence of automatic expiration for OTPs grants attackers an unlimited timeframe to attempt guessing the correct code. A successful brute force attack can lead to an MFA bypass, resulting in the unauthorized takeover of a user's account and compromising the security and privacy of both the individual and the system.

The authentication endpoint accepts user-supplied input without enforcing expected validation constraints, leading to a lack of proper output encoding. This allows for the injection of malicious JavaScript payloads, enabling reflected cross-site scripting. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to redirect the user's browser to a malicious website, modify the user interface of the web page, retrieve information from the browser, or cause other harmful actions. However, due to the protection of session-related cookies with the httpOnly flag, session hijacking is not possible.

An open redirection vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper validation of the multi-option URL in the authentication endpoint when multi-option authentication is enabled. A malicious actor can craft a valid link that redirects users to an attacker-controlled site. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker may trick users into visiting a malicious page, enabling phishing attacks to harvest sensitive information or perform other harmful actions.