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A vulnerability was found in PostgreSQL with the use of the MERGE command, which fails to test new rows against row security policies defined for UPDATE and SELECT. If UPDATE and SELECT policies forbid some rows that INSERT policies do not forbid, a user could store such rows.

CVE-2023-39418 is a vulnerability identified in the PostgreSQL database system as deployed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8. The flaw specifically involves the MERGE SQL command, which is designed to perform conditional insert, update, or delete operations in a single statement. The vulnerability stems from the MERGE command's failure to enforce row-level security (RLS) policies consistently across all operations. While RLS policies for UPDATE and SELECT operations restrict access to certain rows, the MERGE command does not apply these restrictions when inserting new rows. Consequently, if the UPDATE and SELECT policies forbid access to certain rows but the INSERT policies do not, a user with the ability to execute MERGE can insert rows that should be disallowed under the existing security policies. This results in insufficient granularity in access control, potentially allowing unauthorized data insertion that violates intended security constraints. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.1, indicating low severity. The attack vector is network-based, requiring low privileges and no user interaction, but with high attack complexity. There is no impact on confidentiality or availability, and only a limited impact on data integrity. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no specific patches have been linked yet, although Red Hat and PostgreSQL maintainers are expected to address this issue. Organizations relying on PostgreSQL with RLS on RHEL 8 should audit their policies and monitor for updates.

Detailed information about CVE-2023-39418: Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 affecting Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise

CVE-2023-39418: Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 - Live Threat Intelligence - Threat Radar | OffSeq.com

CVE-2023-39418: Insufficient Granularity of Access Control in Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

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