CVE-2023-32434 is an integer overflow vulnerability identified in Apple operating systems including macOS, iOS, iPadOS, and watchOS. The flaw arises from insufficient input validation, which allows a malicious application to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. This elevates the attacker's capabilities to the highest system level, potentially compromising system confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability affects multiple Apple OS versions prior to the patched releases such as iOS 15.7.7, macOS Big Sur 11.7.8, macOS Monterey 12.6.7, and macOS Ventura 13.4.1, among others. Exploitation requires local access and user interaction but does not require prior authentication, making it a significant threat if a user installs or runs a malicious app. Apple has addressed the issue by improving input validation to prevent the integer overflow condition. While no confirmed widespread exploitation has been reported, Apple is aware of reports indicating potential active exploitation on iOS versions before 15.7. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-190 (Integer Overflow or Wraparound) and carries a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8, indicating high severity with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, moderate attack complexity, and user interaction required. This vulnerability poses a critical risk to devices running affected OS versions, especially in environments where sensitive data or critical operations are handled.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a significant risk due to the widespread use of Apple devices in both consumer and enterprise environments. Successful exploitation allows attackers to gain kernel-level code execution, which can lead to full system compromise, unauthorized data access, and disruption of services. This is particularly concerning for sectors handling sensitive personal data, intellectual property, or critical infrastructure operations. The requirement for local access and user interaction somewhat limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in scenarios involving social engineering or insider threats. Organizations relying on Apple devices for secure communications, development, or operational technology may face elevated risks of data breaches, espionage, or operational disruption. The vulnerability also impacts device integrity, potentially allowing persistent malware installation that evades detection and removal. Failure to patch promptly could result in targeted attacks exploiting this vulnerability, especially as reports suggest active exploitation on older iOS versions. Overall, the threat could lead to significant financial, reputational, and regulatory consequences under European data protection laws such as GDPR.

European organizations should immediately verify the OS versions of all Apple devices in their environment and prioritize updating to the patched versions: iOS 15.7.7 or later, macOS Big Sur 11.7.8 or later, macOS Monterey 12.6.7 or later, macOS Ventura 13.4.1 or later, and corresponding watchOS updates. Implement strict application control policies to restrict installation of apps to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and enforce mobile device management (MDM) solutions to monitor and enforce compliance. Educate users about the risks of installing untrusted applications and the importance of applying updates promptly. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of monitoring for suspicious kernel-level activity. Regularly audit devices for signs of compromise, especially those running older OS versions that cannot be immediately updated. Consider network segmentation to limit the impact of compromised devices and apply least privilege principles to reduce the risk of lateral movement. Finally, maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans tailored to Apple device ecosystems to enable rapid recovery if exploitation occurs.