CVE-2023-40412 is a vulnerability identified in Apple’s iOS and iPadOS platforms, as well as other Apple operating systems such as macOS Ventura 13.6, macOS Monterey 12.7, tvOS 17, and watchOS 10. The root cause is improper memory handling that allows a malicious app to execute arbitrary code with kernel-level privileges. Kernel privileges provide the highest level of access on the device, enabling an attacker to bypass security controls, manipulate system processes, and potentially install persistent malware. The vulnerability requires local access to the device and user interaction, such as installing or running a malicious app, but does not require prior authentication or elevated privileges. Apple has released patches in the latest OS versions to address this issue by improving memory management routines. Although no active exploits have been reported, the vulnerability’s nature and high CVSS score (7.8) indicate a serious risk if weaponized. The vulnerability affects a broad range of Apple devices, making it relevant to a wide user base. Attackers exploiting this flaw could compromise device confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially leading to data theft, espionage, or disruption of services.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2023-40412 could be significant, especially in sectors relying heavily on Apple devices such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure. Successful exploitation could lead to full device compromise, exposing sensitive corporate or personal data, enabling espionage, or allowing attackers to disrupt operations. The ability to execute code with kernel privileges means attackers can bypass most security mechanisms, making detection and remediation more difficult. Organizations with Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies or those using Apple devices for sensitive communications are particularly vulnerable. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk, but the high severity and ease of local exploitation mean attackers could develop exploits rapidly. Failure to patch promptly could result in targeted attacks against high-value European entities, especially those involved in geopolitical or economic activities of interest to threat actors.

European organizations should immediately prioritize updating all Apple devices to the latest OS versions that include the patch for CVE-2023-40412 (iOS 17, iPadOS 17, macOS Ventura 13.6, macOS Monterey 12.7, tvOS 17, watchOS 10). Beyond patching, organizations should enforce strict app installation policies, limiting installations to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and employing Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to control app permissions and monitor device compliance. User education is critical to prevent installation of untrusted apps and to recognize phishing or social engineering attempts that could deliver malicious apps. Implementing endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring kernel-level activities on Apple devices can help detect exploitation attempts. Regular audits of device inventory and OS versions will ensure timely patch deployment. For high-security environments, consider restricting the use of Apple devices until patched or employing network segmentation to limit potential lateral movement from compromised devices.