CVE-2023-42947 is a vulnerability identified in Apple’s iOS and iPadOS platforms, stemming from a path handling flaw that allows an application to escape the sandbox environment. The sandbox is a critical security mechanism that isolates apps, preventing them from accessing unauthorized system resources or data belonging to other apps. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-22 (Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory), indicating that the issue arises from insufficient validation of file system paths. An attacker-controlled app exploiting this flaw could bypass sandbox restrictions, gaining elevated privileges to access sensitive data, modify system files, or disrupt device operations. The vulnerability affects multiple Apple operating systems, including macOS Monterey 12.7.2, macOS Ventura 13.6.3, iOS 17.2, iPadOS 17.2, tvOS 17.2, watchOS 10.2, and macOS Sonoma 14.2, where it has been addressed through improved path validation. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 8.6, indicating a high severity with a vector of AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H, meaning the attack requires local access and user interaction but no privileges, and it impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability with a scope change. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, but the potential for sandbox escape makes this a critical vulnerability for devices running affected OS versions. The vulnerability’s exploitation could facilitate further attacks such as data exfiltration, installation of persistent malware, or disruption of device functionality.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk especially where iOS and iPadOS devices are widely used for business operations, communication, and access to sensitive corporate resources. A successful sandbox escape could allow a malicious app to access confidential corporate data, credentials, or intellectual property stored on the device or within other apps. This could lead to data breaches, espionage, or disruption of business continuity. The integrity of device configurations and security controls could be compromised, enabling attackers to install persistent malware or conduct lateral movement within an enterprise network. Organizations in sectors such as finance, government, healthcare, and critical infrastructure are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their data and regulatory requirements. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering could be used to trick users into installing malicious apps, increasing the attack surface. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, emphasizing the need for proactive patching and monitoring.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Immediately deploy the Apple OS updates that address this vulnerability (iOS 17.2, iPadOS 17.2, and corresponding macOS versions) across all managed devices to close the path handling flaw. 2) Enforce strict app installation policies using Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to restrict installations to trusted sources such as the Apple App Store and block sideloading or enterprise apps without proper vetting. 3) Educate users on the risks of installing untrusted apps and the importance of avoiding suspicious links or social engineering attempts that could lead to malicious app installation. 4) Monitor device behavior for anomalies indicative of sandbox escape attempts, such as unusual file system access or privilege escalations, using endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools tailored for Apple devices. 5) Implement network segmentation and zero trust principles to limit the impact of compromised devices within corporate networks. 6) Regularly audit and review device compliance with security policies and patch levels to ensure ongoing protection. 7) Coordinate with Apple support and security advisories to stay informed about any emerging exploit techniques or additional patches.