CVE-2023-44372 is a Use After Free vulnerability classified under CWE-416 affecting Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.006.20360 and earlier, and 20.005.30524 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the program improperly manages memory, freeing an object while it is still in use, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can craft a malicious PDF file that, when opened by a user, triggers this memory corruption, allowing execution of attacker-controlled code with the privileges of the current user. The vulnerability requires user interaction, specifically opening the malicious file, and does not require any prior authentication, making it accessible to remote attackers who can deliver the malicious PDF via email or other file-sharing methods. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and no privileges required. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the widespread use of Adobe Acrobat Reader makes this vulnerability a significant risk. The lack of an official patch at the time of reporting means organizations must rely on interim mitigations. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous in environments where users frequently handle PDF documents, such as legal, financial, and governmental sectors.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2023-44372 could be substantial. Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially allowing attackers to steal sensitive information, manipulate documents, or disrupt business operations. Given the prevalence of Adobe Acrobat Reader in corporate and governmental environments across Europe, this vulnerability could be leveraged for targeted attacks, espionage, or ransomware deployment. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in sectors with high document exchange volumes. Confidentiality breaches could expose personal data protected under GDPR, leading to regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Integrity and availability impacts could disrupt critical workflows, particularly in industries reliant on PDF documentation. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the threat landscape could evolve rapidly once exploit code becomes available.

Organizations should prioritize updating Adobe Acrobat Reader to the latest version as soon as Adobe releases a patch addressing CVE-2023-44372. Until then, implement strict email and file filtering to block or quarantine suspicious PDF attachments, especially from unknown or untrusted sources. Employ endpoint protection solutions with behavior-based detection to identify exploitation attempts targeting memory corruption. Conduct user awareness training emphasizing the risks of opening unsolicited or unexpected PDF files. Consider disabling JavaScript within Acrobat Reader if not required, as this can reduce attack surface. Network segmentation and application whitelisting can limit the spread and impact of a successful exploit. Regularly audit and monitor logs for unusual application behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Finally, maintain robust backup and recovery procedures to mitigate potential ransomware or data corruption consequences.