CVE-2024-25407 is a vulnerability identified in SteVe version 3.6.0, where the software uses predictable transaction IDs when processing StartTransaction requests. SteVe is a software component that manages transaction sessions, and the transaction ID is a critical identifier used to track and manage these sessions. The vulnerability arises because the transaction IDs are generated in a predictable manner, allowing an attacker to anticipate valid transaction IDs. By exploiting this predictability, an attacker can send malicious requests that use these predicted transaction IDs to prematurely terminate legitimate transactions initiated by other users. This results in a Denial of Service (DoS) condition, disrupting normal operations by causing active transactions to be aborted unexpectedly. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-331, which relates to the use of predictable values in security-critical contexts. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.5, indicating a high severity level. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts availability (A:H) without affecting confidentiality or integrity. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or vendor information are provided in the data. The vulnerability's exploitation is straightforward due to the lack of authentication and the ability to predict transaction IDs, making it a significant risk for systems relying on SteVe 3.6.0 for transaction management.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be substantial, particularly for those relying on SteVe 3.6.0 in critical transaction processing environments such as payment systems, smart grid management, or other industrial control systems where SteVe is deployed. The Denial of Service caused by premature transaction termination can lead to operational disruptions, financial losses, and degraded service availability. In sectors like energy, finance, and telecommunications, where transaction continuity is essential, this vulnerability could interrupt service delivery, damage customer trust, and potentially violate regulatory requirements for service availability and reliability. Additionally, the inability to maintain transaction integrity could complicate incident response and recovery efforts. Although confidentiality and data integrity are not directly impacted, the availability disruption alone can have cascading effects on business continuity and compliance with European regulations such as NIS2 and GDPR, especially if service outages affect personal data processing or critical infrastructure.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should first identify if they are using SteVe version 3.6.0 or any affected versions. Since no official patches are currently listed, immediate mitigation should focus on reducing the attack surface and limiting exposure. This includes implementing network-level controls such as firewall rules or access control lists to restrict access to the SteVe service to trusted hosts and networks only. Employing intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor for anomalous transaction termination requests can help detect exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should consider deploying rate limiting and anomaly detection mechanisms to identify and block suspicious transaction ID usage patterns. Where possible, upgrading to a newer version of SteVe that addresses this vulnerability or applying vendor-provided patches once available is critical. If upgrading is not immediately feasible, organizations might explore custom patches or configuration changes to enhance transaction ID randomness or implement additional authentication mechanisms for transaction management requests. Finally, maintaining robust logging and monitoring of transaction activities will aid in early detection and forensic analysis of potential attacks.