CVE-2024-30102 is a high-severity use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) identified in Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, specifically affecting version 16.0.1. This vulnerability allows an attacker with limited privileges (local access with low privileges) and requiring user interaction to execute arbitrary code remotely. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of memory in Microsoft Office components, where a previously freed memory object is accessed again, leading to potential memory corruption. Exploiting this flaw can result in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.3, reflecting high severity, with attack vector local, low attack complexity, low privileges required, and user interaction needed. The scope is unchanged, meaning the impact is confined to the vulnerable component but can lead to full system compromise. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a significant risk, especially in environments where Microsoft 365 Apps are widely deployed. The lack of available patches at the time of publication increases the urgency for mitigation and monitoring. This vulnerability is particularly dangerous because it can be triggered by opening a malicious document or interacting with crafted content, making phishing or social engineering plausible attack vectors.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-30102 is substantial due to the widespread use of Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise across public and private sectors. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, enabling attackers to steal sensitive data, deploy ransomware, or disrupt business operations. Confidentiality breaches could expose personal data protected under GDPR, leading to regulatory penalties and reputational damage. Integrity compromises could alter critical documents or configurations, affecting decision-making and operational reliability. Availability impacts could result in denial of service or system instability, disrupting workflows. Given the requirement for local access and user interaction, targeted phishing campaigns or insider threats are plausible attack vectors. The vulnerability's presence in a core productivity suite amplifies the risk, as many European enterprises rely heavily on Microsoft Office for daily operations, making it a high-value target for cybercriminals and nation-state actors alike.

European organizations should implement a multi-layered mitigation strategy beyond generic patching advice. First, enforce strict application control policies to limit execution of unauthorized or suspicious Office macros and scripts. Employ advanced email filtering and anti-phishing solutions to reduce the likelihood of malicious document delivery. Increase user awareness training focused on recognizing and avoiding social engineering attempts that could trigger this vulnerability. Utilize endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to monitor for anomalous behaviors indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected memory access patterns or process injections. Restrict local user privileges to the minimum necessary to reduce the attack surface. Implement network segmentation to isolate critical systems running Microsoft 365 Apps. Since no patch is currently available, consider temporarily disabling or restricting features known to be vulnerable if feasible. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans to quickly recover from potential compromises. Monitor official Microsoft advisories closely for patch releases and apply them promptly once available.