CVE-2024-32301 is a critical security vulnerability identified in the Tenda AC7V1.0 router firmware version 15.03.06.44. The vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-125) triggered via the PPW parameter in the fromWizardHandle function. This function improperly handles input data, allowing an attacker to overflow the stack memory, which can lead to arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The impact includes full compromise of the router, enabling attackers to execute malicious code with the highest privileges, potentially leading to interception or manipulation of network traffic, disruption of network services, or use of the device as a foothold for further attacks. The vulnerability was published on April 17, 2024, with a CVSS score of 9.8, reflecting its critical severity. No patches or public exploits are currently available, increasing the urgency for affected users to monitor vendor advisories. The vulnerability affects a widely used consumer-grade router model, which is common in home and small office networks, increasing the potential attack surface globally.

The impact of CVE-2024-32301 is severe for organizations and individuals using the affected Tenda AC7V1.0 routers. Successful exploitation allows attackers to gain full control over the device, compromising confidentiality by intercepting sensitive network traffic, integrity by modifying data or configurations, and availability by disrupting network services. This can lead to unauthorized access to internal networks, data exfiltration, lateral movement within corporate environments, and potential deployment of malware or ransomware. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements makes exploitation straightforward for remote attackers scanning for vulnerable devices. Given the widespread use of Tenda routers in residential and small business environments, the vulnerability could facilitate large-scale botnet recruitment or serve as an entry point for more sophisticated attacks against enterprise networks connected through these devices.

To mitigate the risks posed by CVE-2024-32301, affected organizations and users should: 1) Monitor Tenda’s official channels for firmware updates addressing this vulnerability and apply patches immediately upon release. 2) Until patches are available, restrict remote access to the router’s management interface by disabling WAN-side administration and limiting access to trusted IP addresses. 3) Implement network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical infrastructure and sensitive data. 4) Employ intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor for unusual traffic patterns or exploitation attempts targeting the PPW parameter or related functions. 5) Regularly audit router configurations and logs for signs of compromise. 6) Educate users on the risks of using default credentials and encourage strong, unique passwords for device management. 7) Consider deploying additional network security controls such as firewalls and VPNs to reduce exposure of vulnerable devices to the internet.