CVE-2024-38025 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability classified under CWE-122, found in the Microsoft Windows Performance Data Helper Library on Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). The vulnerability allows an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code on the affected system without requiring user interaction, but it does require the attacker to have high privileges (PR:H). The flaw arises from improper handling of memory buffers in the Performance Data Helper Library, which can be exploited by sending specially crafted network packets or requests that trigger the overflow. Successful exploitation can lead to complete compromise of the system, allowing attackers to execute code with elevated privileges, potentially leading to data theft, system manipulation, or denial of service. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.2, indicating a high severity with network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), and no user interaction (UI:N). Although no exploits are currently known to be in the wild, the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and should be treated as a significant risk. The affected Windows 10 version 1809 is an older release, which may still be in use in some enterprise environments, especially where legacy applications or hardware require it. The vulnerability's impact spans confidentiality, integrity, and availability, making it critical for organizations to address promptly.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the potential for remote code execution leading to full system compromise. Critical sectors such as government, healthcare, finance, and industrial control systems that may still operate Windows 10 Version 1809 are particularly vulnerable. Exploitation could result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, and potential lateral movement within networks. Given the remote attack vector and high privileges required, insider threats or compromised credentials could facilitate exploitation. The lack of user interaction needed increases the risk of automated attacks or wormable exploits if weaponized. The impact on availability could disrupt essential services, while integrity and confidentiality breaches could lead to data loss or espionage. European organizations with legacy systems or delayed patch management practices are at heightened risk, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation.

1. Apply all available security updates from Microsoft immediately; if patches for this specific vulnerability are not yet released, prioritize upgrading to a supported Windows version beyond 1809. 2. Restrict network access to systems running Windows 10 Version 1809, especially limiting exposure of the Performance Data Helper Library services to untrusted networks. 3. Implement network segmentation and firewall rules to reduce the attack surface and isolate vulnerable systems. 4. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for anomalous behavior related to memory corruption or unusual Performance Data Helper Library activity. 5. Conduct regular audits to identify systems still running Windows 10 Version 1809 and plan for their upgrade or decommissioning. 6. Enforce strict privilege management to minimize the number of accounts with high privileges that could be leveraged for exploitation. 7. Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include scenarios involving remote code execution vulnerabilities. 8. Monitor threat intelligence sources for any emerging exploits targeting this vulnerability to enable rapid response.