CVE-2024-38103 is a medium-severity information disclosure vulnerability affecting Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) version 1.0.0. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-359, which pertains to the exposure of private personal information to unauthorized actors. This type of vulnerability typically arises when sensitive data is accessible without proper authorization controls, potentially allowing attackers to obtain confidential user information. According to the CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C), the vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring privileges but does require user interaction and has a high attack complexity. The impact primarily affects confidentiality, with a high confidentiality impact, low integrity impact, and no availability impact. The scope remains unchanged, meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component (Microsoft Edge) without affecting other components. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was reserved in June 2024 and published in late July 2024, indicating it is a recent discovery. The technical details suggest that an attacker could trick a user into performing an action (such as visiting a malicious website or clicking a crafted link) that leads to unauthorized disclosure of private personal information stored or processed by the browser. Given the nature of the vulnerability, it could expose sensitive user data such as browsing history, cookies, autofill data, or other personal information handled by the browser, which could be leveraged for further attacks like phishing or identity theft.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to user privacy and data protection compliance, especially under regulations like GDPR that mandate strict controls over personal data. Exposure of private personal information could lead to data breaches, reputational damage, and potential regulatory fines. Organizations relying heavily on Microsoft Edge for internal or customer-facing applications could see increased risk of targeted attacks exploiting this vulnerability, particularly through social engineering that induces user interaction. The confidentiality breach could compromise sensitive corporate or customer data, enabling attackers to conduct further exploitation such as credential theft or unauthorized access to internal systems. Since the vulnerability requires user interaction, phishing campaigns or malicious websites could be used as attack vectors. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits once patches are released or if the vulnerability details become widely known.

European organizations should prioritize updating Microsoft Edge to the latest version as soon as a patch becomes available from Microsoft. Until a patch is released, organizations should implement strict web filtering and block access to known malicious or suspicious websites to reduce the risk of user interaction with exploit vectors. User awareness training should be enhanced to educate employees about phishing and social engineering tactics that could trigger exploitation of this vulnerability. Deploy endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous browser behavior or data exfiltration attempts. Network-level monitoring for unusual outbound traffic from endpoints running Microsoft Edge can help identify potential exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should review and limit the amount of sensitive personal information stored or autofilled in browsers to minimize exposure. Implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) on critical systems can mitigate the impact of any compromised credentials resulting from information disclosure. Finally, maintain an incident response plan that includes procedures for handling data breaches involving browser-based vulnerabilities.