CVE-2024-41281 identifies a stack overflow vulnerability in the get_merge_mac function of the Linksys WRT54G router firmware version 4.21.5. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-121, indicating a classic stack-based buffer overflow condition. This flaw arises when the function improperly handles input data, allowing an attacker to overwrite the stack memory. Exploitation requires the attacker to be on an adjacent network (AV:A), but does not require any privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability has a low attack complexity (AC:L) and affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device (C:H/I:H/A:H). Successful exploitation could enable remote code execution, allowing attackers to take full control of the router, intercept or manipulate network traffic, and disrupt network services. The Linksys WRT54G is a widely deployed consumer-grade router, often used in home and small office environments. Despite the lack of known exploits in the wild, the high CVSS score of 8.8 reflects the critical nature of this vulnerability. No patches or firmware updates have been officially released at the time of publication, leaving devices exposed. The vulnerability’s presence in a core networking component makes it a significant threat vector for lateral movement and network compromise.

The impact of CVE-2024-41281 is substantial due to the potential for remote code execution on a widely used router model. Compromise of the Linksys WRT54G can lead to full control over network traffic, enabling attackers to intercept sensitive data, inject malicious payloads, or disrupt communications. This undermines the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of connected systems. Organizations relying on these routers, especially in small office/home office (SOHO) environments, face increased risk of network breaches and lateral movement into internal networks. The vulnerability could be leveraged to establish persistent footholds, launch further attacks, or exfiltrate data. Given the router’s role as a network gateway, exploitation could affect all devices behind it. The absence of patches increases exposure duration, raising the likelihood of exploitation once public proof-of-concept code or exploits emerge. The threat is particularly critical for sectors with sensitive data or critical infrastructure relying on these devices for connectivity.

Until an official patch or firmware update is released, organizations should implement the following mitigations: 1) Segment networks to isolate vulnerable routers from critical assets and sensitive data. 2) Restrict access to the router’s management interfaces to trusted IP addresses only, preferably via VPN or secure channels. 3) Disable any unnecessary services or features on the router that could be exploited. 4) Monitor network traffic for unusual patterns indicative of exploitation attempts, such as malformed packets targeting the get_merge_mac function. 5) Replace or upgrade affected devices to newer models with updated firmware where feasible. 6) Educate users on the risks of using outdated routers and encourage timely firmware updates. 7) Employ network intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures targeting this vulnerability once available. 8) Maintain an inventory of affected devices to prioritize remediation efforts. These steps reduce the attack surface and limit the potential for exploitation while awaiting official fixes.