CVE-2024-49094 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Wireless Wide Area Network Service (WwanSvc) component of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). This vulnerability is classified under CWE-122, which pertains to improper memory handling leading to buffer overflows on the heap. The flaw allows an attacker with limited privileges (local privileges) to execute an elevation of privilege attack by exploiting the buffer overflow condition. Specifically, the vulnerability arises when WwanSvc improperly handles input data, leading to memory corruption that can be leveraged to execute arbitrary code with elevated system privileges. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.6, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C) shows that the attack requires local access (Physical or local), low attack complexity, and low privileges, but no user interaction. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high, meaning successful exploitation could lead to full system compromise. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was reserved in early October 2024 and published in December 2024, indicating it is a recent discovery. Given the affected version is Windows 10 Version 1809, which is an older release, many organizations may have already moved to newer versions, but legacy systems remain at risk. The technical details confirm the vulnerability is confirmed and publicly disclosed by Microsoft and enriched by CISA, underscoring its credibility and importance.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-49094 can be significant, especially for those still operating legacy Windows 10 Version 1809 systems. Successful exploitation allows local attackers to escalate privileges, potentially gaining SYSTEM-level access. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of critical services, and the deployment of malware or ransomware with elevated rights. Industries with stringent data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, could face severe confidentiality breaches and operational disruptions. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a stepping stone in multi-stage attacks, where initial low-privilege access is escalated to full control. The lack of user interaction requirement increases the risk in environments where local access is possible, such as shared workstations or compromised internal networks. Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the medium CVSS score and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability warrant proactive mitigation to prevent future exploitation. The presence of this vulnerability in older Windows versions also highlights the risk posed by legacy systems in European enterprises and public sector organizations.

1. Prioritize upgrading affected systems from Windows 10 Version 1809 to a supported and fully patched Windows version, such as Windows 10 21H2 or later, or Windows 11, to eliminate exposure to this vulnerability. 2. Until upgrades are feasible, implement strict local access controls to limit the number of users with physical or remote local access to vulnerable machines. 3. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior indicative of privilege escalation attempts targeting WwanSvc. 4. Monitor system logs and security event data for unusual activity related to WwanSvc or unexpected privilege escalations. 5. Disable the Wireless Wide Area Network Service (WwanSvc) on systems where it is not required, reducing the attack surface. 6. Apply network segmentation to isolate legacy systems and restrict lateral movement opportunities for attackers who gain local access. 7. Stay alert for official patches or security advisories from Microsoft and apply them promptly once available. 8. Conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration tests focusing on privilege escalation vectors to identify and remediate similar weaknesses.