CVE-2024-53158 is a vulnerability identified in the Linux kernel, specifically within the Qualcomm (qcom) GENI subsystem driver, in the function geni_se_clk_tbl_get(). The vulnerability arises due to an array underflow condition caused by improper loop control logic. The loop in question is designed to iterate over a clock performance table (clk_perf_tbl[]) and break if the frequency returned by clk_round_rate() matches the frequency from the previous iteration. However, this check is flawed because it is applied even on the first iteration, where no previous frequency exists. As a result, the code reads memory before the start of the clk_perf_tbl[] array, leading to an out-of-bounds read (array underflow). This type of memory access error can cause undefined behavior, including potential kernel crashes (denial of service) or information leakage if sensitive kernel memory is exposed. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions containing the faulty code, particularly those integrating the Qualcomm GENI subsystem driver. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no CVSS score has been assigned yet. The issue was reserved in November 2024 and published in December 2024. The root cause is a logic error in loop termination conditions leading to unsafe memory access, which has been fixed in the Linux kernel source. This vulnerability is relevant to systems running Linux kernels with Qualcomm GENI drivers, often found in embedded or mobile devices, but also potentially in servers or desktops using Qualcomm hardware or similar clock management subsystems.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-53158 depends largely on the deployment of affected Linux kernel versions and Qualcomm GENI hardware. The vulnerability could lead to kernel crashes causing denial of service, which may disrupt critical services or infrastructure relying on affected Linux systems. In worst cases, if exploited, it could allow attackers to read sensitive kernel memory, potentially exposing confidential information or aiding further privilege escalation attacks. This is particularly concerning for sectors with high reliance on embedded Linux devices, such as telecommunications, automotive, industrial control systems, and IoT deployments prevalent in Europe. Enterprises running Linux-based servers or network equipment with Qualcomm hardware might face operational disruptions or data confidentiality risks. Although no exploits are known currently, the presence of a memory safety flaw in the kernel is a serious concern, warranting prompt patching to prevent future exploitation. The vulnerability could also affect supply chains and managed service providers using vulnerable Linux kernels, indirectly impacting European organizations relying on these services.

European organizations should prioritize updating their Linux kernels to the latest patched versions that address CVE-2024-53158. Specifically, they should: 1) Identify all systems running Linux kernels with Qualcomm GENI drivers, including embedded devices, servers, and network equipment. 2) Apply vendor-supplied kernel patches or upgrade to Linux kernel versions where the geni_se_clk_tbl_get() function has been corrected to prevent array underflow. 3) For embedded or IoT devices where kernel updates are challenging, consider isolating these devices within segmented network zones to limit exposure. 4) Implement monitoring for unusual kernel crashes or system instability that might indicate exploitation attempts. 5) Engage with hardware and software vendors to confirm patch availability and deployment timelines. 6) Conduct code audits or use static analysis tools on custom Linux kernel builds to detect similar logic errors. 7) Maintain robust backup and recovery procedures to mitigate potential denial of service impacts. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific driver and subsystem affected, emphasizing identification of Qualcomm GENI hardware presence and tailored patch management.