CVE-2024-57521 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the RuoYi framework, specifically affecting versions 4.7.9 and earlier. The vulnerability resides in the createTable function within the SqlUtil.java file, which is responsible for database table creation operations. An attacker can exploit this flaw by injecting malicious SQL commands remotely, bypassing any input sanitization or validation mechanisms. This injection can lead to arbitrary code execution on the underlying server, allowing the attacker to manipulate database contents, escalate privileges, or execute system-level commands. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication, increasing its risk profile. Although no public exploits have been reported, the nature of SQL Injection combined with arbitrary code execution potential makes this a severe threat. The absence of a CVSS score and official patches highlights the need for immediate attention from users of the affected versions. The vulnerability's exploitation could compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems, making it a critical concern for organizations relying on RuoYi for their Java-based applications.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-57521 could be significant. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, including personal, financial, or intellectual property information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. The ability to execute arbitrary code remotely could result in full system compromise, enabling attackers to deploy ransomware, disrupt services, or pivot within networks. This could cause operational downtime, reputational damage, and financial losses. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure that utilize RuoYi or similar Java frameworks are particularly at risk. The lack of patches and known exploits means organizations must proactively assess and mitigate the risk to avoid potential future attacks. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in supply chain attacks if RuoYi is embedded in third-party software used across Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2024-57521, organizations should immediately audit their use of RuoYi framework versions and identify any deployments of version 4.7.9 or earlier. Since no official patches are currently available, developers should review and harden the createTable function in SqlUtil.java by implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL Injection. Employing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection attempts can provide interim protection. Monitoring database logs and application behavior for anomalies indicative of injection attempts is critical. Organizations should also isolate affected systems to limit lateral movement in case of exploitation. Engaging with the RuoYi community or vendors for updates and patches is recommended. Finally, conducting penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors can help identify and remediate vulnerabilities proactively.