CVE-2024-7103 is a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in WSO2 Identity Server version 7.0.0, specifically within the sub-organization login flow. This vulnerability arises due to improper input validation, classified under CWE-79, where user-supplied input is not correctly neutralized before being included in dynamically generated web pages. An attacker can exploit this flaw by crafting malicious URLs or payloads that inject arbitrary JavaScript code into the login interface. When a legitimate user interacts with this manipulated login flow, the injected script executes in their browser context. Potential consequences include unauthorized UI modifications, redirection to attacker-controlled malicious websites, or exfiltration of sensitive data accessible within the browser environment. However, the risk of session hijacking is mitigated because session cookies are protected with the httpOnly flag, preventing JavaScript access to these cookies. The vulnerability requires network access (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), and privileges (PR:L) with user interaction (UI:R) to be exploited. The scope remains unchanged (S:U), and the impact on confidentiality and integrity is low (C:L, I:L), with no impact on availability (A:N). The CVSS 3.1 base score is 4.6, indicating a medium severity level. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. This vulnerability is significant for organizations using WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0 for identity and access management, as it could be leveraged in targeted phishing or social engineering attacks to compromise user trust and data confidentiality within the authentication process.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-7103 centers on the potential compromise of user trust and confidentiality during authentication processes managed by WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0. Since WSO2 Identity Server is widely used for single sign-on (SSO) and identity federation, exploitation could lead to attackers manipulating login interfaces to deceive users, potentially facilitating further social engineering or credential theft attempts outside the scope of this vulnerability. Although session cookies are protected, the ability to inject scripts could allow attackers to harvest other sensitive information accessible in the browser or redirect users to malicious sites, increasing the risk of broader compromise. This is particularly critical for sectors with stringent data protection requirements under GDPR, such as finance, healthcare, and government institutions, where identity management systems are integral. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability does not directly enable session hijacking or system compromise, it can serve as a stepping stone for more complex attacks, especially in environments where user privileges are elevated or where users are less security-aware. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers often develop exploits post-disclosure.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Upgrade WSO2 Identity Server to a version where this vulnerability is patched as soon as an official fix is released. Monitor WSO2 advisories closely for patch availability. 2) In the interim, apply strict input validation and output encoding controls at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to detect and block suspicious payloads targeting the sub-organization login flow. 3) Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts and reduce the impact of injected code. 4) Conduct user awareness training focused on phishing and suspicious login behaviors to reduce the likelihood of successful social engineering leveraging this vulnerability. 5) Review and harden authentication flows to minimize reliance on reflected inputs and consider additional multi-factor authentication (MFA) enforcement to mitigate risks from compromised credentials or session manipulation. 6) Implement thorough logging and monitoring of authentication requests to detect anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts. 7) Engage in regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on identity management components to identify similar or related weaknesses proactively.