CVE-2024-7260 is an open redirect vulnerability identified in Keycloak, an open-source identity and access management solution widely used for single sign-on and OAuth2/OIDC implementations. The vulnerability arises from improper validation of the 'referrer' and 'referrer_uri' parameters in URLs processed by Keycloak. An attacker can craft a URL that appears to originate from a trusted Keycloak domain but redirects the user to an attacker-controlled malicious website. This can be leveraged in phishing campaigns, where users or administrators are tricked into clicking seemingly legitimate links that lead to credential theft or malware delivery. The vulnerability also poses risks in OAuth flows, where the redirect URI is critical for security; bypassing domain checks can facilitate token interception or session hijacking. Attackers may further obfuscate the malicious redirect URI using URL encoding techniques to evade detection by automated security tools or user scrutiny. Exploitation requires user interaction (clicking the crafted link) but does not require prior authentication, increasing the attack surface. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1, indicating a medium severity level with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction needed, and impacts on confidentiality and integrity but not availability. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the potential for phishing and social engineering attacks targeting Keycloak administrators and users is significant.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-7260 can be considerable, especially for those relying on Keycloak for identity federation, single sign-on, and OAuth2 authorization. Successful exploitation can lead to phishing attacks that compromise administrator credentials or user sessions, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive systems and data. This can result in data breaches, unauthorized privilege escalation, and lateral movement within networks. The ability to bypass OAuth redirect URI validation increases the risk of token theft or misuse, undermining trust in authentication flows. Organizations in sectors with high regulatory requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, may face compliance violations and reputational damage if this vulnerability is exploited. Although the vulnerability does not directly lead to system compromise or denial of service, the indirect consequences of credential theft and session hijacking can be severe. The medium CVSS score reflects these risks, emphasizing the need for timely mitigation to prevent phishing and social engineering campaigns targeting Keycloak users.

To mitigate CVE-2024-7260, European organizations should: 1) Apply any available patches or updates from Keycloak as soon as they are released to fix the open redirect validation logic. 2) Implement strict validation and whitelisting of redirect URIs in Keycloak configurations, ensuring only trusted domains are allowed and that parameters like 'referrer' and 'referrer_uri' are sanitized or rejected if suspicious. 3) Educate administrators and users about the risks of clicking on unexpected or suspicious links, especially those purporting to come from Keycloak or related services. 4) Employ URL filtering and web gateway protections to detect and block known malicious redirect URLs or obfuscated payloads. 5) Monitor logs for unusual redirect patterns or access attempts involving the vulnerable parameters. 6) Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for Keycloak administrator accounts to reduce the impact of credential compromise. 7) Review OAuth client configurations to ensure redirect URIs are strictly controlled and validated. 8) Consider implementing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers and other browser-based protections to limit the impact of malicious redirects. These measures collectively reduce the risk of successful exploitation and limit the damage from phishing or session hijacking attacks.