CVE-2025-10595 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the SourceCodester Online Student File Management System. The vulnerability resides in the /admin/delete_user.php file, specifically in the handling of the 'user_id' parameter. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code, potentially altering the intended SQL queries executed by the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion. The vulnerability requires no user interaction and can be exploited without authentication, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.3 (medium severity) reflects that while the attack vector is network-based and does not require user interaction, it does require low privileges (PR:L) and results in limited confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, but no known exploits are currently observed in the wild. However, public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts. The lack of patches or mitigation links indicates that the vendor has not yet released an official fix, making affected systems vulnerable until remediated. Given the nature of the system—a student file management platform—successful exploitation could expose sensitive student data or disrupt administrative functions.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using the SourceCodester Online Student File Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of student records and administrative data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of personal information, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and reputational consequences. Additionally, attackers could manipulate or delete user accounts, disrupting system availability and administrative operations. The medium severity rating suggests that while the impact is not catastrophic, it is substantial enough to warrant prompt attention. The remote exploitability without user interaction or authentication means that attackers can target vulnerable systems over the internet, increasing the threat surface. Given the sensitive nature of educational data and the regulatory environment in Europe, the impact extends beyond technical damage to include compliance and trust issues.

Immediate mitigation should focus on restricting access to the /admin/delete_user.php endpoint to trusted administrators only, ideally through network segmentation or VPN access. Implementing Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'user_id' parameter can provide temporary protection. Input validation and parameterized queries should be enforced in the application code to prevent injection; if source code access is available, refactoring the vulnerable code to use prepared statements is critical. Organizations should monitor logs for suspicious activity related to user deletion requests. Since no official patch is available, organizations should consider isolating the affected system from public networks or replacing it with alternative solutions until a vendor fix is released. Regular backups of the database and system configurations will aid in recovery if exploitation occurs. Finally, educating administrators about the vulnerability and signs of exploitation can improve detection and response.