CVE-2025-11104 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the CodeAstro Electricity Billing System, specifically within the /admin/bill.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'uid' parameter, which is susceptible to malicious input manipulation. An attacker can exploit this flaw remotely without requiring user interaction or elevated privileges, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N). The vulnerability allows an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands into the backend database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or disruption of service. The CVSS score of 5.3 (medium severity) reflects limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low complexity and no authentication required. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the exploit code has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects a critical component of the electricity billing system, which is integral to utility management and customer billing operations. Given the nature of the system, exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to customer billing data, manipulation of billing records, or denial of service, impacting operational continuity and customer trust.

For European organizations, particularly utility providers using the CodeAstro Electricity Billing System version 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive customer information, including billing and usage data, which may violate GDPR requirements and result in regulatory penalties. Manipulation of billing data could cause financial losses, billing inaccuracies, and customer disputes. Additionally, disruption of billing operations could affect service continuity and damage the reputation of utility providers. The medium severity rating suggests that while the impact is not catastrophic, the potential for data integrity compromise and service disruption is non-negligible. European utilities are often targets for cyberattacks due to their critical infrastructure status, making timely remediation essential to prevent exploitation by threat actors aiming to disrupt essential services or conduct fraud.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should immediately apply any available patches or updates from CodeAstro; if no official patch exists, they should implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements for the 'uid' parameter in /admin/bill.php to prevent SQL injection. Conduct a thorough code review of all input handling in the billing system to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the affected endpoint. Monitor logs for unusual database queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Restrict access to the /admin/ directory using network segmentation, VPNs, or IP whitelisting to limit exposure. Additionally, conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on the billing system to proactively identify vulnerabilities. Finally, ensure that incident response plans include procedures for handling data breaches involving billing systems to minimize impact if exploitation occurs.