CVE-2025-11659 is an unrestricted file upload vulnerability found in the ProjectsAndPrograms School Management System, specifically in the /assets/uploadNotes.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper validation of the 'File' argument, allowing attackers to upload arbitrary files to the server without authentication or user interaction. This can lead to remote code execution, data leakage, or server compromise if malicious files such as web shells are uploaded. The affected software follows a rolling release model, making it difficult to pinpoint exact version numbers beyond the provided commit hash. The CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium), reflecting network attack vector, no required privileges or user interaction, and partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no known exploits in the wild have been reported yet, proof-of-concept exploits have been published, increasing the likelihood of exploitation. The vulnerability poses a significant risk to educational institutions using this system, as attackers could leverage it to disrupt operations, steal sensitive student or staff data, or establish persistent access. The lack of patch links suggests that vendors or maintainers have not yet released an official fix, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps by users.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using the ProjectsAndPrograms School Management System, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and control over critical systems managing student and staff data. The unrestricted upload capability can be exploited to deploy web shells or malware, resulting in data breaches, ransomware infections, or service outages. Such incidents could disrupt educational activities, damage institutional reputation, and lead to regulatory penalties under GDPR due to compromised personal data. The rolling release nature of the software complicates patch management, potentially prolonging exposure. Additionally, attackers exploiting this vulnerability could use compromised systems as footholds for lateral movement within networks, increasing the overall risk to organizational IT infrastructure.

Organizations should immediately implement strict server-side validation on all file uploads, ensuring only allowed file types and sizes are accepted. Employing allowlists for file extensions and MIME types, combined with content inspection, can reduce risk. Restrict access to the /assets/uploadNotes.php endpoint using authentication and authorization controls to prevent anonymous uploads. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious upload attempts. Monitor logs for unusual file upload activity and conduct regular security audits of the system. If possible, isolate the upload functionality in a sandboxed environment to limit potential damage. Coordinate with the software vendor or community to obtain patches or updates addressing this vulnerability. In the absence of official patches, consider temporary disabling of the upload feature until a fix is available. Educate IT staff and users about the risks and signs of exploitation to enable rapid incident response.