CVE-2025-11690 is an authorization bypass vulnerability classified under CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) affecting CFMOTO's RIDE product, specifically version 1. The vulnerability arises due to an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) flaw in the vehicleId parameter, which is used to identify vehicle data on the server. Instead of enforcing strict access controls, the server trusts the vehicleId parameter from the client, allowing an attacker with legitimate access to the system (requiring low privileges) to supply arbitrary vehicleId values. This enables unauthorized retrieval of sensitive data belonging to other users' vehicles, including GPS coordinates, encryption keys, initialization vectors, model numbers, and fuel statistics. The vulnerability is server-side and does not require user interaction, making automated exploitation feasible. The CVSS 3.1 score is 8.5 (high), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, required privileges, no user interaction, and high confidentiality impact with limited integrity impact and no availability impact. The scope is changed, indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the attacker's privileges. No public exploits are currently known, but the vulnerability is critical due to the sensitive nature of the data exposed and the potential for privacy violations or further targeted attacks leveraging the leaked cryptographic material. The root cause is insufficient authorization validation on the server side for the vehicleId parameter. Remediation involves implementing strict server-side authorization checks to ensure that users can only access data for vehicles they are authorized to view.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses significant privacy and security risks. Exposure of GPS coordinates can lead to tracking and physical security threats to vehicle owners. Leakage of encryption keys and initialization vectors may allow attackers to decrypt sensitive communications or data, potentially compromising confidentiality and enabling further attacks. Fuel statistics and model numbers, while less critical, can be used for profiling or targeted attacks. Organizations relying on CFMOTO RIDE for fleet management or vehicle telemetry could face operational disruptions or reputational damage if customer data is compromised. The vulnerability could also be exploited for industrial espionage or to facilitate physical theft or sabotage of vehicles. Given the high CVSS score and the nature of the data exposed, the impact on confidentiality is severe, while integrity and availability impacts are limited. The requirement for low privileges means insider threats or compromised accounts could exploit this vulnerability easily.

Immediate mitigation should focus on implementing robust server-side authorization checks to validate that the requesting user is authorized to access the vehicle data identified by the vehicleId parameter. This includes verifying ownership or permission before returning any sensitive information. Organizations should monitor access logs for anomalous requests involving vehicleId parameters that do not correspond to the authenticated user. If a patch from CFMOTO becomes available, it should be applied promptly. In the interim, restricting access to the RIDE application to trusted networks or users and enforcing strong authentication and session management can reduce exploitation risk. Additionally, encrypting sensitive data at rest and in transit with keys not exposed via the API can limit damage. Regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on authorization controls are recommended to detect similar issues. Finally, educating users about the risks of credential compromise and enforcing least privilege principles will help mitigate exploitation.