CVE-2025-12274 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda CH22 router firmware version 1.0.0.1. The vulnerability resides in the fromP2pListFilter function, specifically in the handling of the 'page' argument passed to the /goform/P2pListFilter endpoint. Improper validation or sanitization of this input allows an attacker to overflow a buffer, which can lead to arbitrary code execution or denial of service on the device. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, increasing its severity and ease of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 reflects its high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and no privileges required. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, which raises the likelihood of exploitation despite no current reports of active attacks. The vulnerability affects a widely deployed consumer and small business router model, which is often used in home and office environments, potentially exposing internal networks to compromise. The lack of an official patch or firmware update from Tenda at the time of disclosure means that affected users must rely on alternative mitigations such as network segmentation, firewall rules, or device replacement to reduce risk.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the potential for remote compromise of network routers, which serve as critical gateways for internal networks. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code, leading to interception or manipulation of network traffic, installation of persistent malware, or disruption of network services. This could compromise sensitive data confidentiality, disrupt business operations, and undermine trust in network infrastructure. Small and medium enterprises, as well as home office setups using Tenda CH22 devices, are particularly vulnerable. The public availability of exploit code increases the risk of opportunistic attacks, including those by cybercriminals or state-sponsored actors targeting European entities. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for lateral movement within corporate networks or for launching broader attacks against connected systems. The absence of patches exacerbates the threat, necessitating immediate attention to mitigate exposure.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should implement several targeted mitigations: 1) Immediately identify and inventory all Tenda CH22 devices running firmware version 1.0.0.1 within their networks. 2) Isolate affected devices on segmented network zones with strict access controls to limit exposure. 3) Deploy network-level intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) configured to detect anomalous traffic patterns targeting /goform/P2pListFilter or suspicious buffer overflow attempts. 4) Restrict remote management access to these devices by disabling WAN-side administration and enforcing strong access control lists. 5) Where possible, replace vulnerable Tenda CH22 routers with devices from vendors providing timely security updates and support. 6) Monitor threat intelligence feeds for any emerging exploit activity and apply security advisories promptly. 7) Educate IT staff about this vulnerability to ensure rapid response and incident handling. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on network segmentation, access restriction, and proactive monitoring tailored to the specific vulnerability vector.