VulnerabilityPublished 27 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-12300: code-projects Simple Food Ordering System · Cross-site Scripting

Affects code-projects Simple Food Ordering SystemSource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 17:16 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 33% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
code-projects Simple Food Ordering System	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate implementation of input validation on the 'cname' parameter to allow only expected characters (e.g., alphanumeric and limited punctuation).
Apply proper output encoding/escaping on all user-supplied input before rendering it in HTML contexts to prevent script execution.
4. Educate users and administrators about the risks of clicking on suspicious links and ensure that browsers are up to date with security features like XSS filters enabled. 5. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on input validation and output encoding. 6. Monitor logs for unusual requests to /addcategory.php that include suspicious script payloads. 7. Consider isolating the application environment and restricting access to trusted networks where feasible to reduce exposure.

Description

A weakness has been identified in code-projects Simple Food Ordering System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /addcategory.php. This manipulation of the argument cname causes cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.

Impact

For European organizations, especially those in the hospitality and food service sectors using the Simple Food Ordering System, this vulnerability poses a risk to the confidentiality and integrity of customer and business data. Exploitation could lead to theft of session tokens, enabling attackers to impersonate legitimate users, potentially leading to unauthorized access to order data or administrative functions. Defacement or redirection attacks could damage brand reputation and customer trust. While availability is not directly impacted, the indirect effects of compromised user trust and potential regulatory penalties under GDPR for data breaches could be significant. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Europe, which often use such off-the-shelf solutions, may be particularly vulnerable due to limited security resources. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially in countries with high tourism and food service activity where such systems are prevalent.

Summary

CVE-2025-12300 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the Simple Food Ordering System developed by code-projects. The vulnerability is located in the /addcategory.php endpoint, specifically in the handling of the 'cname' parameter. This parameter is not properly sanitized or encoded before being reflected in the application’s output, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. The attack vector is remote and does not require any authentication, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers. However, user interaction is necessary to trigger the malicious script, typically by a victim visiting a crafted URL or interacting with manipulated content. The vulnerability can be exploited to execute scripts in the context of the victim’s browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, theft of cookies, defacement of the web interface, or redirection to malicious sites. Although no active exploitation in the wild has been reported, the availability of proof-of-concept exploits increases the risk of future attacks. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting the ease of exploitation and the moderate impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on availability. The vulnerability does not require privileges or authentication, increasing its risk profile. The Simple Food Ordering System is typically used by small to medium-sized food service businesses, which may lack robust security controls, increasing their exposure to such attacks.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 27 Oct 2025, 17:54 UTC

Technical details

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