CVE-2025-12382 is a path traversal vulnerability categorized under CWE-22 found in AlgoSec Firewall Analyzer versions A33.0 (up to build 320) and A33.10 (up to build 210) running on Linux 64-bit systems. The vulnerability arises due to improper limitation of pathname inputs, allowing an authenticated user with low privileges to upload files into directories that should be restricted. This can lead to code injection, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the Firewall Analyzer service. The vulnerability requires authentication and some user interaction, but the access level needed is low privilege, which broadens the potential attacker base within an organization. The CVSS 4.0 score is 7.3 (high), reflecting the significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as well as the complexity and scope of the attack. The vulnerability does not require network-level unauthenticated access but can be exploited remotely once authenticated. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the risk remains substantial given the critical role of firewall management tools in network security. The flaw could allow attackers to bypass security controls, manipulate firewall policies, or gain persistent access to the network environment. The lack of available patches at the time of publication increases the urgency for interim mitigations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the critical nature of firewall management in protecting network perimeters and enforcing security policies. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, allowing attackers to alter firewall configurations, disable security controls, or move laterally within the network. This could result in data breaches, disruption of services, or compromise of sensitive infrastructure. Organizations in sectors such as finance, energy, telecommunications, and government are particularly vulnerable due to their reliance on AlgoSec Firewall Analyzer for compliance and security operations. The potential for code injection elevates the threat to a critical infrastructure level, where disruption could have cascading effects on national security and economic stability. Additionally, the requirement for authentication means insider threats or compromised credentials could be leveraged to exploit this vulnerability. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense but also means attackers may develop exploits targeting European entities given their strategic importance.

1. Immediately review and restrict user access to AlgoSec Firewall Analyzer, ensuring only trusted personnel have authentication credentials. 2. Implement strict monitoring and logging of file upload activities within the Firewall Analyzer environment to detect anomalous behavior. 3. Isolate the vulnerable AlgoSec instances from critical network segments to limit potential lateral movement in case of exploitation. 4. Employ application-layer firewalls or intrusion detection/prevention systems to monitor and block suspicious requests targeting the Firewall Analyzer. 5. Coordinate with AlgoSec support for early access to patches or workarounds and apply them as soon as they become available. 6. Conduct regular audits of firewall configurations and integrity checks to detect unauthorized changes. 7. Educate users about the risks of credential compromise and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of unauthorized access. 8. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing potential exploitation scenarios of this vulnerability. 9. Consider deploying virtual patching or compensating controls if immediate patching is not feasible. 10. Engage in threat intelligence sharing with industry peers to stay informed about emerging exploit techniques related to this vulnerability.