CVE-2025-12622 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda AC10 router firmware version 16.03.10.13. The flaw resides in the formSysRunCmd function within the /goform/SysRunCmd endpoint, specifically in the handling of the 'getui' argument. Improper input validation allows an attacker to overflow a buffer remotely by sending crafted requests to this endpoint. This vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, enabling remote unauthenticated attackers to exploit it over the network. The buffer overflow can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially allowing attackers to take full control of the affected device. This compromises the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the router and any network traffic passing through it. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7, reflecting its high impact and ease of exploitation. Although no active exploits have been observed in the wild, the public disclosure of exploit code increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The Tenda AC10 is a widely used consumer and small business router, making this vulnerability relevant for many organizations. The lack of patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate risk mitigation through network controls and monitoring.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-12622 could lead to full compromise of Tenda AC10 routers, which are commonly deployed in small offices, home offices, and some enterprise edge environments. Attackers gaining control over these routers can intercept, modify, or redirect network traffic, leading to data breaches, espionage, or disruption of services. The integrity and availability of internal networks could be severely impacted, especially if these routers serve as gateways or VPN endpoints. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies using these devices may face increased risk of targeted attacks. Additionally, compromised routers could be leveraged as footholds for lateral movement or as part of botnets for broader attacks. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, particularly for organizations with exposed management interfaces or weak network segmentation. Overall, the vulnerability poses a significant threat to network security and operational continuity in affected environments.

1. Immediately restrict access to the router's management interface by implementing network-level controls such as firewall rules to allow only trusted IP addresses. 2. Disable remote management features if not required, or enforce strong authentication and encryption for remote access. 3. Monitor network traffic for unusual activity or attempts to access the /goform/SysRunCmd endpoint with suspicious parameters. 4. Segment networks to isolate vulnerable routers from critical infrastructure and sensitive data environments. 5. Regularly audit and inventory network devices to identify all Tenda AC10 routers and verify firmware versions. 6. Apply firmware updates as soon as Tenda releases a patch addressing this vulnerability. 7. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics to detect exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability. 8. Educate IT staff about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include steps for compromised network devices. 9. Consider temporary replacement of vulnerable devices in high-risk environments until patches are available.