CVE-2025-12916 is a command injection vulnerability identified in Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Security Management System version 3.0. The vulnerability resides in the frontend component, specifically within the /fort/portal_login file. An attacker can manipulate the loginUrl parameter to inject arbitrary operating system commands, which the system then executes. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute commands without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it a significant risk vector. The CVSS v4.0 base score is 5.3, reflecting medium severity due to the lack of privilege requirements but potential impact on system confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on November 8, 2025, and while no active exploits have been reported, the public disclosure increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The recommended remediation is to upgrade affected systems to Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Security Management System versions 3.0.11 or 3.0.12, which contain patches addressing this issue. Organizations using this product should verify their version and apply updates promptly to mitigate risk. The vulnerability’s exploitation could lead to unauthorized command execution, potentially allowing attackers to compromise system controls, exfiltrate data, or disrupt operations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized remote command execution on systems running Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Security Management System version 3.0. Successful exploitation could lead to compromise of system confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate security management functions, disrupt operations, or gain further access within the network. Given the system’s role in operation and maintenance security, attacks could affect critical infrastructure management, leading to operational downtime or data breaches. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for exploitation, increasing risk. Organizations in sectors such as telecommunications, energy, and government that rely on Sangfor’s system for security management are particularly vulnerable. The medium CVSS score indicates moderate impact, but the strategic importance of affected systems could amplify consequences. Prompt patching is essential to prevent exploitation, especially as public disclosure may attract attackers targeting European entities.

1. Immediately identify all instances of Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Security Management System version 3.0 within the network. 2. Upgrade all affected systems to versions 3.0.11 or 3.0.12, which contain the official patches for this vulnerability. 3. If immediate upgrade is not feasible, implement network-level controls to restrict access to the /fort/portal_login endpoint, limiting exposure to trusted IP addresses only. 4. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious input patterns targeting the loginUrl parameter. 5. Conduct thorough monitoring and logging of access to the affected component to detect potential exploitation attempts. 6. Review and harden system configurations to minimize privileges of the affected service, reducing potential impact of command execution. 7. Educate security teams about this vulnerability and ensure incident response plans include procedures for detecting and mitigating command injection attacks. 8. Coordinate with Sangfor support for additional guidance and verify integrity of updated software packages before deployment.