CVE-2025-1301 is a high-severity reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the Yordam Informatics Library Automation System, affecting versions prior to 21.6. The vulnerability arises due to improper neutralization of user-supplied input during web page generation, classified under CWE-79. Specifically, the system fails to adequately sanitize or encode input parameters that are reflected back in HTTP responses, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts. When a victim accesses a crafted URL containing the malicious payload, the injected script executes in the context of the victim's browser. This can lead to the theft of sensitive information such as session cookies, enabling session hijacking, or the execution of unauthorized actions on behalf of the user. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.4, indicating high severity, with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N. This means the attack can be launched remotely over the network without any privileges, requires low attack complexity, no privileges, but does require user interaction (clicking a malicious link). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially vulnerable component, and the impact is high on confidentiality, with no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was published on May 2, 2025, and was reserved in February 2025. The affected product is a library automation system widely used for managing library resources, user accounts, and circulation services via a web interface.

For European organizations, particularly libraries, educational institutions, and research centers using the Yordam Informatics Library Automation System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of user data. Attackers exploiting this reflected XSS flaw could hijack user sessions, potentially gaining unauthorized access to personal information, borrowing records, or internal library resources. This could lead to privacy violations, reputational damage, and regulatory non-compliance under GDPR due to exposure of personal data. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect data integrity or system availability, the ability to compromise user sessions can facilitate further attacks or unauthorized actions. The requirement for user interaction (clicking a malicious link) means phishing campaigns or social engineering could be leveraged to exploit this vulnerability. Given the scope change, the vulnerability could allow attackers to access resources beyond the initial web component, increasing the potential impact. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate it, especially as threat actors often develop exploits rapidly after disclosure. The absence of a patch at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation efforts to protect European organizations relying on this system.

1. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically targeting reflected XSS payload patterns to block malicious requests at the perimeter. 2. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of inline scripts and reduce the impact of XSS attacks. 3. Educate users, especially library staff and patrons, about the risks of clicking on suspicious links and phishing attempts. 4. Conduct thorough input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the application, prioritizing updates to the Library Automation System as soon as vendor patches become available. 5. Use browser security features such as HttpOnly and Secure flags on cookies to limit session hijacking potential. 6. Monitor web server logs for unusual request patterns indicative of XSS exploitation attempts. 7. If feasible, temporarily disable or restrict features that reflect user input in URLs or forms until a patch is released. 8. Coordinate with Yordam Informatics for timely updates and verify the integrity of any future patches before deployment.