CVE-2025-14588 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in the itsourcecode Student Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /update_program.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'ID' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. An attacker can remotely exploit this flaw by crafting malicious input to the 'ID' parameter, enabling execution of arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized data retrieval, modification, or deletion, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system's data. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it easier to exploit remotely. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the ease of remote exploitation and potential impact on data security. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public release of exploit code increases the likelihood of attacks. The affected product is primarily used in educational environments to manage student data, which often includes personally identifiable information (PII) and academic records. The lack of available patches or official remediation from the vendor increases the urgency for organizations to implement alternative mitigations. The vulnerability's exploitation could result in data breaches, unauthorized administrative access, or disruption of student management operations.

For European organizations, especially educational institutions using the itsourcecode Student Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to sensitive student and administrative data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of personal information, academic records, and potentially financial data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Integrity of records could be compromised, affecting academic evaluations and institutional credibility. Availability impacts could disrupt administrative processes, causing operational delays. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate but tangible risk, particularly given the lack of authentication or user interaction required for exploitation. The public availability of exploit code increases the threat landscape, potentially leading to targeted attacks or opportunistic exploitation by cybercriminals. European institutions may face reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and financial losses if the vulnerability is exploited. The impact is more pronounced in countries with widespread adoption of this software or where educational data is a high-value target for threat actors.

1. Immediate implementation of input validation and sanitization on the 'ID' parameter within /update_program.php to prevent injection of malicious SQL code. 2. Refactor the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to eliminate direct concatenation of user input into SQL commands. 3. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, limiting the potential damage from successful exploitation. 4. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting this endpoint. 5. Monitor application logs and network traffic for unusual query patterns or repeated access attempts to /update_program.php. 6. If vendor patches become available, apply them promptly. 7. Conduct a thorough security audit of the entire application to identify and remediate other potential injection points. 8. Educate IT staff and administrators about the vulnerability and recommended response actions. 9. Consider isolating or segmenting the affected system within the network to limit exposure. 10. Regularly back up critical data to enable recovery in case of data corruption or deletion.