CVE-2025-14590 identifies a SQL Injection vulnerability in the code-projects Prison Management System version 2.0, specifically within the /admin/search1.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'keyname' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This flaw allows remote attackers to inject malicious SQL code by manipulating the 'keyname' argument, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the underlying database. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and has low attack complexity (AC:L). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability at a low level, as indicated by the CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 (medium severity). The vulnerability is exploitable remotely without authentication, increasing its risk profile. Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The Prison Management System is critical infrastructure software used to manage sensitive data related to inmates, staff, and operations, making the impact of exploitation potentially severe. The lack of available patches or vendor advisories necessitates immediate mitigation through secure coding practices and input validation.

The exploitation of this SQL Injection vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive inmate and operational data, modification or deletion of records, and potential disruption of prison management operations. For European organizations, this could result in severe privacy violations, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR breaches), and operational risks affecting public safety. Attackers could leverage the vulnerability to extract confidential information, escalate privileges, or disrupt system availability, thereby undermining trust in correctional facility management. The medium severity rating reflects a significant but not critical risk; however, given the sensitive nature of the data and the criticality of prison management systems, the real-world impact could be substantial. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, especially for systems exposed to the internet or poorly segmented networks. European entities managing correctional facilities must consider the reputational, legal, and operational consequences of a successful attack.

To mitigate CVE-2025-14590, organizations should immediately audit the /admin/search1.php file and specifically the handling of the 'keyname' parameter. Implement strict input validation and sanitization to reject or properly encode malicious input. Refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL Injection. If possible, restrict access to the administrative interface via network segmentation, VPNs, or IP whitelisting to reduce exposure. Monitor logs for unusual query patterns or failed injection attempts. Since no official patch is currently available, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection payloads targeting this parameter. Conduct thorough security testing, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing, to verify the vulnerability is fully mitigated. Additionally, review user privileges and ensure least privilege principles are enforced to limit potential damage from exploitation. Maintain up-to-date backups to enable recovery in case of data tampering or loss.