CVE-2025-14637 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode Online Pet Shop Management System version 1.0, specifically in the /pet1/addcnp.php script. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation or sanitization of the 'cnpname' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries without proper escaping or parameterization. This allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially manipulating the backend database. The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without any user interaction, making it highly accessible to attackers. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, considering the attack vector is network-based with low complexity and no privileges required, but with limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (each rated low). The vulnerability could allow attackers to read, modify, or delete data, or disrupt service availability depending on the database permissions and structure. Although no confirmed exploits are currently active in the wild, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of attacks. The lack of vendor patches at the time of reporting necessitates immediate mitigation steps by users. This vulnerability highlights the critical importance of secure coding practices, especially input validation and use of parameterized queries in web applications handling sensitive data.

For European organizations, the impact of this SQL injection vulnerability can be significant, particularly for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating pet shop management or similar e-commerce platforms using the affected software. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to customer data, including personal and payment information, resulting in data breaches and regulatory non-compliance under GDPR. Integrity of the database could be compromised, allowing attackers to alter product listings, pricing, or transaction records, potentially causing financial losses and reputational damage. Availability impacts could disrupt business operations if the database is corrupted or taken offline. Given the medium severity, the threat is moderate but non-negligible, especially as the exploit requires no authentication and can be launched remotely. Organizations lacking robust security controls or monitoring may be more vulnerable to exploitation. The public availability of exploit code increases the risk of opportunistic attacks, including by cybercriminals targeting smaller businesses with limited cybersecurity resources.

1. Immediate application of vendor patches or updates once released is the most effective mitigation. Monitor vendor channels for patch announcements. 2. In the absence of patches, implement strict input validation and sanitization on the 'cnpname' parameter and all user inputs, using allowlists and rejecting suspicious characters. 3. Refactor the affected code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 4. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 5. Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews focusing on input handling and database interactions. 6. Monitor logs for unusual database queries or errors indicative of injection attempts. 7. Educate developers on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases. 8. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of any successful injection. 9. Backup databases regularly and verify the integrity of backups to enable recovery in case of data corruption. 10. Consider network segmentation to isolate vulnerable systems and reduce exposure.