CVE-2025-14878 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The vulnerability resides in the HTTP Request Handler component, specifically within the /goform/wirelessRestart endpoint. An attacker can manipulate the GO argument in an HTTP request to trigger a stack overflow condition. This overflow can overwrite the stack memory, potentially allowing arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the HTTP handler process, which typically runs with elevated permissions on the device. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it highly dangerous. The CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3 indicates critical severity, with attack vector being network-based, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no confirmed exploits have been observed in the wild, the public release of exploit code increases the likelihood of active exploitation. The vulnerability could be leveraged by attackers to gain persistent control over the router, intercept or manipulate network traffic, or disrupt network services. The absence of a patch at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate defensive measures to mitigate risk. This flaw underscores the importance of securing network infrastructure devices, which are often overlooked but critical components of organizational security.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-14878 could have severe consequences. Compromised Tenda WH450 routers could serve as entry points for attackers to infiltrate internal networks, leading to data breaches, espionage, or lateral movement to more critical systems. The ability to execute arbitrary code remotely without authentication means attackers can deploy malware, create persistent backdoors, or disrupt network availability by causing device crashes or reboots. This is particularly concerning for enterprises, government agencies, and critical infrastructure operators relying on these devices for wireless connectivity. The confidentiality of sensitive communications could be compromised, integrity of network traffic altered, and availability of network services disrupted. Additionally, compromised routers could be conscripted into botnets for broader attacks, amplifying the threat landscape. The public availability of exploit code increases the urgency for European organizations to assess their exposure and implement mitigations promptly.

1. Immediate network segmentation: Isolate Tenda WH450 devices from critical network segments to limit potential lateral movement if compromised. 2. Access control: Restrict access to the /goform/wirelessRestart endpoint by implementing firewall rules or network ACLs that block unauthorized external and internal access. 3. Monitor network traffic: Deploy intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to detect anomalous HTTP requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 4. Firmware updates: Continuously monitor Tenda’s official channels for security patches addressing CVE-2025-14878 and apply them promptly once available. 5. Device replacement: For high-risk environments, consider replacing vulnerable Tenda WH450 devices with models from vendors with stronger security track records. 6. Incident response readiness: Prepare to respond to potential exploitation attempts by maintaining logs and having a response plan for compromised network devices. 7. Vendor engagement: Engage with Tenda support to obtain timelines for patch releases and request interim mitigation guidance. 8. Disable unnecessary services: If feasible, disable the wirelessRestart functionality or HTTP management interface to reduce attack surface until patched.