CVE-2025-15048 is a remote command injection vulnerability found in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The flaw resides in the HTTP request handler component, specifically within the /goform/CheckTools endpoint. This endpoint accepts an 'ipaddress' parameter, which is improperly sanitized, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary system commands. Because the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without any authentication or user interaction, an attacker can send crafted HTTP requests to the device to execute commands with the privileges of the HTTP handler process, which typically runs with elevated permissions on the router. This can lead to full compromise of the device, enabling attackers to manipulate network traffic, install malware, or pivot into internal networks. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on December 23, 2025, with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9, reflecting medium severity due to the lack of authentication and ease of exploitation, but limited by the scope of affected devices. No known exploits have been observed in the wild, and Tenda has not yet released a patch. The lack of patch and public exploit availability means organizations must rely on network-level mitigations and monitoring to reduce risk. The vulnerability highlights the importance of secure input validation in embedded device web interfaces and the risks posed by exposed management endpoints.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized remote command execution on Tenda WH450 routers, potentially leading to device takeover. Compromised routers can be used to intercept or redirect network traffic, launch further attacks within the internal network, or disrupt availability of network services. This is particularly concerning for enterprises and critical infrastructure operators relying on these devices for secure connectivity. The impact includes loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network communications. Since the exploit requires no authentication and can be triggered remotely, attackers can operate stealthily and at scale. The absence of a patch increases exposure duration, raising the likelihood of exploitation. Organizations with Tenda WH450 devices in perimeter or internal network segments face elevated risk of lateral movement and data breaches. The medium CVSS score reflects moderate but tangible risk, especially in environments where these routers are deployed in sensitive roles or lack compensating controls.

1. Immediately restrict access to the router's management interface by limiting it to trusted IP addresses or internal networks only, using firewall rules or access control lists. 2. Disable remote management features if not strictly necessary to reduce exposure. 3. Segment networks to isolate vulnerable devices from critical assets and sensitive data. 4. Monitor network traffic for unusual HTTP requests targeting /goform/CheckTools or anomalous command execution patterns on routers. 5. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics for command injection attempts. 6. Maintain an inventory of Tenda WH450 devices and verify firmware versions to identify vulnerable units. 7. Engage with Tenda support channels to obtain patches or firmware updates as soon as they become available. 8. Consider replacing vulnerable devices with more secure alternatives if patching is delayed. 9. Educate network administrators about the risks of exposed management interfaces and the importance of secure configuration. 10. Implement network-level anomaly detection to identify lateral movement or unusual device behavior post-compromise.