CVE-2025-15179 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The vulnerability resides in an unspecified function that processes requests to the /goform/qossetting endpoint. Specifically, the 'page' argument can be manipulated to cause a stack overflow, which may lead to arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring user interaction or authentication, significantly increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no authentication required (AT:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H). Although no known exploits have been observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability raises the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The Tenda WH450 is a consumer and small business router, often deployed in home and small office environments, which may serve as entry points into larger organizational networks. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code with high privileges, potentially leading to full device compromise, interception or manipulation of network traffic, and disruption of network services. The lack of vendor-provided patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate defensive measures to mitigate risk.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-15179 can be significant. Compromise of Tenda WH450 routers could lead to unauthorized access to internal networks, interception of sensitive communications, and disruption of network availability. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office setups relying on these routers are particularly vulnerable, as they often lack robust network segmentation and monitoring. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could establish persistent footholds, launch further attacks against internal systems, or exfiltrate confidential data. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies using these devices could face operational disruptions and data breaches. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in botnet campaigns or as part of multi-stage attacks targeting European infrastructure. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface and urgency for mitigation.

1. Immediate action should focus on obtaining and applying firmware updates from Tenda once available. Monitor vendor communications and security advisories closely. 2. In the absence of patches, restrict access to the /goform/qossetting endpoint by implementing network-level controls such as firewall rules or access control lists (ACLs) to limit management interface exposure to trusted IP addresses only. 3. Disable remote management features on Tenda WH450 devices if not strictly necessary, especially from untrusted networks or the internet. 4. Employ network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical infrastructure and sensitive data environments. 5. Monitor network traffic for unusual activity or attempts to access the vulnerable endpoint, using intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with updated signatures. 6. Conduct regular device inventory and vulnerability assessments to identify and remediate affected devices promptly. 7. Educate users and administrators about the risks and signs of exploitation to facilitate early detection and response.