CVE-2025-15179 identifies a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Tenda WH450 router firmware version 1.0.0.18. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the 'page' argument in a function related to the /goform/qossetting endpoint. When this argument is manipulated with crafted input, it causes a buffer overflow on the stack, which can overwrite critical control data such as return addresses. This condition enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges on the device, potentially leading to full device compromise. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and can be triggered remotely over the network, making it highly exploitable. The CVSS v4.0 score of 8.6 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as well as the ease of exploitation. No patches or official mitigations have been linked yet, and while no exploits are currently known in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit details increases the likelihood of imminent attacks. The affected product, Tenda WH450, is a consumer-grade Wi-Fi 6 router, commonly deployed in residential and small office environments, which may be targeted for network infiltration or as a foothold for lateral movement.

The vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Tenda WH450 routers without authentication, leading to complete compromise of the device. This can result in unauthorized access to internal networks, interception or manipulation of network traffic, disruption of network services, and potential use of the device as a launchpad for further attacks. The compromise of routers in residential or small business environments can lead to privacy violations, data theft, and persistent network backdoors. Given the device’s role as a network gateway, exploitation could impact all connected devices, amplifying the scope of damage. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements significantly increases the risk and potential speed of exploitation. Organizations relying on these routers for critical connectivity may experience operational disruptions and data breaches.

Immediate mitigation should focus on isolating affected Tenda WH450 devices from untrusted networks to reduce exposure. Network administrators should implement strict firewall rules to restrict access to the router’s management interfaces, especially blocking external access to the /goform/qossetting endpoint. Monitoring network traffic for unusual requests targeting this endpoint can help detect exploitation attempts. Since no official patches are currently available, organizations should contact Tenda support for firmware updates or advisories. Where possible, replace affected devices with models from vendors with timely security update practices. Employ network segmentation to limit the impact of compromised devices and use intrusion detection/prevention systems to identify exploitation attempts. Regularly update all network infrastructure firmware and maintain an inventory of devices to quickly identify vulnerable units.