CVE-2025-15240 is an arbitrary file upload vulnerability classified under CWE-434 found in the QOCA aim AI Medical Cloud Platform developed by Quanta Computer. The vulnerability allows an authenticated remote attacker to upload files without proper validation of file type or content, enabling the attacker to place malicious web shell backdoors on the server. This results in arbitrary code execution capabilities, compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system. The vulnerability requires only low complexity to exploit (AC:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and only low privileges (PR:L) in terms of authentication, making it relatively easy for insiders or compromised accounts to leverage. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H). The affected product version is listed as 0, suggesting early or initial releases of the platform are vulnerable. No patches or public exploits are currently available, but the risk is significant given the platform’s role in managing sensitive medical data and AI-driven healthcare operations. The vulnerability could allow attackers to gain persistent access, manipulate medical data, disrupt services, or use the compromised server as a pivot point for further network intrusion. The lack of user interaction and network attack vector increases the threat level, especially in environments where authentication controls are weak or compromised. The vulnerability was reserved in late 2025 and published in early 2026, indicating recent discovery and disclosure.

The impact on European organizations, particularly healthcare providers and medical research institutions, could be severe. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, manipulation of AI-driven diagnostic results, and disruption of critical medical cloud services. This could result in regulatory non-compliance with GDPR, loss of patient trust, financial penalties, and potential harm to patient safety. The arbitrary code execution capability allows attackers to establish persistent backdoors, escalate privileges, and move laterally within networks, increasing the risk of widespread compromise. Given the critical nature of medical cloud platforms, downtime or data integrity issues could delay medical treatments and diagnostics, impacting public health outcomes. The threat also extends to supply chain risks if attackers leverage compromised systems to infiltrate connected healthcare providers or partners. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the high CVSS score underscores the urgency for mitigation.

1. Implement strict server-side validation of uploaded files, including verifying file extensions, MIME types, and scanning for malicious content before acceptance. 2. Employ allowlisting of permitted file types and reject all others to prevent dangerous file uploads. 3. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of compromised credentials being used to exploit the vulnerability. 4. Apply the principle of least privilege to user accounts, limiting upload capabilities only to necessary roles. 5. Isolate file upload directories from executable paths to prevent execution of uploaded files as code. 6. Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual file upload activities or web shell indicators. 7. Network segmentation should be used to limit the impact of a compromised server on the broader healthcare network. 8. Coordinate with Quanta Computer for timely patching once available and apply updates promptly. 9. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focused on file upload functionalities. 10. Educate staff about the risks of credential compromise and suspicious activities related to the platform.